Alkanna

Alkanna orientalis

Alkanet is a genus of about 30-50 species, which belongs to the family of Boraginaceae ( Boraginaceae ). The distribution of the genus ranges from southern Europe to North Africa and to Iran.

Description

Alkanna species grow as annuals to perennial herbaceous plants. The leaves are simple.

Few flowers are borne in terminal wound. The hermaphroditic, flowers are radial symmetry fünfzählig. The sepals are fused only at their base. The yellow or pink to blue petals are fused into a cylindrical tube with funnel-shaped hem and a hair ring. It's just a circle with usually five fertile stamens present. The stamens and the style does not project beyond the corolla tube.

Are formed with two kidney - or egg-shaped fruits Klausen decay.

System

Synonyms for Alkanna exchange are: Baphorhiza link Camptocarpus K.Koch, Campylocaryum DC. ex Meisn. , Onochiles Bubani and Rhytispermum link.

Species

The genus Alkanna include about 30 to 50 species:

  • Alkanna amana Rech.f.
  • Alkanna areolata Boiss.
  • Alkanna attilae P.H.Davis
  • Alkanna aucheriana A.DC.
  • Alkanna calliensis Heldr. ex Boiss.
  • Alkanna cappadocica Boiss. & Balansa
  • Alkanna confusa Rech.f.
  • Alkanna corcyrensis Hayek
  • Alkanna cordifolia C.Koch
  • Alkanna froedinii Rech.f.
  • Alkanna graeca Boiss. & Spruner
  • Alkanna haussknechtii Bornm.
  • Alkanna hirsutissima ( Bertol. ) A.DC.
  • Alkanna hispida Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna incana Boiss.
  • Alkanna kotschyana A.DC.
  • Alkanna leiocarpa Rech.f.
  • Alkanna lutea Moris
  • Alkanna macrophylla Boiss. & Heldr.
  • Alkanna macrosiphon Boiss. & Heldr.
  • Alkanna maleolens Bornm.
  • Alkanna megacarpa A.DC.
  • Alkanna methanaea Hausskn.
  • Alkanna noneiformis Griseb.
  • Alkanna Oreodoxa Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna orientalis (L.) Boiss.
  • Alkanna pamphylica Huber- Morath & Reese
  • Alkanna pelia ( Halácsy ) Rech.f.
  • Alkanna phrygia Bornm.
  • Alkanna pinardii Boiss.
  • Alkanna pindicola Hausskn.
  • Alkanna prasinophylla Rech.f.
  • Alkanna primuliflora Griseb.
  • Alkanna pseudotinctoria Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna pulmonaria Griseb.
  • Alkanna punctulata Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna sandwithii Rech.f.
  • Alkanna sartoriana Boiss. & Heldr.
  • Alkanna saxicola Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna scardica Griseb.
  • Alkanna shattuckia (Post) Post
  • Alkanna sieberi A.DC.
  • Alkanna sieheana Rech.f.
  • Alkanna stribrnyi Velen.
  • Alkanna strigosa Boiss. & High.
  • Alkanna tinctoria (L. ) Exchange
  • Alkanna trichophila Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna tubulosa Boiss.
  • Alkanna verecunda Huber- Morath
  • Alkanna viscidula Boiss.

Use

From the root bark of Dyer's Alkanet ( Alkanna tinctoria ), one originating from the Mediterranean, blue flowered kind, alkannin, the starting material for color and make-up materials is obtained. Alkannin ( a naphthoquinone ) is approved as a lipophilic food coloring.

Pictures

Alkanna tinctoria:

Swell

  • Rudolf Hansel, Konstantin Keller, Horst Rimpler (ed.): Hagers handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Volume 4, Drugs A-D. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg, 1993, ISBN 3-540-52631-5, pp. 175-179, limited preview on Google Book Search
  • Κarl Ηeinz Rechinger: For the knowledge of the European species of the genus Alkanna. In: annals of the Vienna Natural History Museum. Volume 68, 1965, pp. 191-220, PDF.
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