Alonso Tostado
Alonso Fernández de Madrigal (c. 1400/10 in Madrigal de las Altas Torres, † September 3, 1455 in Bonilla de la Sierra ) was a theologian and man of letters, who brought it to the Bishop of Ávila. He is also known under the name of El Tostado (the " Burned " or " the enlightened one " ), which refers to his family name, but at the same time is also a kind of homage.
Biography
Alonso Fernández was born the son of Alfonso Tostado and Isabel de Ribera in Madrigal de las Altas Torres in the province of Ávila. From a young age he began his studies of theology and canon law at the University of Salamanca and was appointed, which was founded in 1401 Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé, which was the oldest educational institution of its kind in Spain. He gained an excellent reputation as a theologian and orator - he held at the age of 22 years, much visited lectures.
In 1443 he took part in the Council of Basel. In Siena, he appeared when Pope Eugene IV for alleged support of heretics and heretical opinions - but by a letter he could rid the world of this hostility. After his return to Castile ( 1444 ) King John II appointed him as his counselor. A year before his untimely death, he took over the office of bishop of Ávila.
Aftermath
Alonso Fernández de Madrigal remained beyond his death in Spain popular - were among his pupils Fernando del Pulgar and Alfonso de Palencia. A colloquial phrase is still saber más que El Tostado ( "knowing more than El Tostado ").
Works
In his essay Defensorium he turned against certain pope -centered conceptions Juan de Torquemada, who had in turn represented on the council. He also wrote comments to Eusebius of Caesarea to the historical books of the Old Testament ( 1 and 2 Chronicles ) and the Gospel of Matthew. In the Libellus de statu animarum post mortem ( 1436 ), he thought about the state of the soul after death. In his work Libellus de optima politia ( 1436 ), he dealt with forms of government and the font Libro de las paradoxas (ca. 1437) deals with questions of logic. Even with the themes of love and friendship he has in his treatise Breviloquio de amor e amiciçia (ca. 1437-1441 ) apart set.
Tomb
The tomb El Tostados in the Cathedral of Avila is one of the highlights of European sculpture of the early 16th century. It was not until 1511, that is given many years after his death by his admirer and successor Alonso Carrillo de Albornoz, with the sculptor Vasco de la Zarza in order. The completion could have taken several years to complete, so that the work could be shown only in 1520 in the prestigious public. Situated it was - like an altarpiece - in the ambulatory of the Cathedral of Ávila on an altar on which the salvation of the Bishop masses were held. The sideways -facing concentrated reading posture of the figure and the extremely small piece of decorative brocade jacket, in which scenes from the Passion of Christ incorporated, testify to the great artistic sensibility and craftsmanship of the sculptor.