Amir Kabir
Amir Kabir (Persian امیرکبیر ), also known as Mirza Taghi Khan (Persian میرزا تقیخان; born January 9, 1807 in Arak, Iran, † 1852 in Kashan ) was Prime Minister during the reign of the Qajar king Naser ad - Dīn Shah and a reformer of Iran. He contributed to the modernization of the country in the first half of the 19th century at.
Life
Amir Kabir was born in 1807 as son of the cook of the then Prime Minister, Maqam Qa'em near Arak. He began his career as a writer of the Administration, in whose hierarchy he rose quickly. In 1829 he accompanied as a junior member a diplomatic mission to St. Petersburg, where he recognized the need to reform his country. On another mission to the Ottoman Empire, he pursued the modernization efforts of the neighboring country. After his return he was appointed Mohammed Shah in 1847 to the court of the then Crown Prince Naser ad -Din Shah to Azerbaijan. As Mohammad Shah died in 1848, Amir Kabir was appointed prime minister of the new king Naser ad -Din Shah.
Amir Kabir took office, when Iran was economically, politically and socially weakened. He initiated a series of protracted changes in social life. These included the creation of new ministries, the reorganization of the financial system, the control system and the health system. Under Amir Kabir was the first newspaper in the country, Vaqāye' -e Etefāqiyye ( وقایع اتفاقیه ), as well as the first modern university in the country in Tehran, founded the Dāro'l - Fonūn (Arabic: "Place of techniques / skills "). He also tried to promote the study of Europe.
These numerous reforms that promoted especially the poorer classes, but encountered resistance of privilege. In the environment of his mother, the mother of Naser ad -Din Shah, a conspiracy against him was forged. The king was persuaded Amir Kabir wanted to make him the throne of dispute, so he was relieved of his duties in 1851 and exiled to the Fin Garden of Kashan after, where he was assassinated a year later.
Films
Amir Kabir's life was portrayed in the film by Dariusch Ardschmand Nasereddin Shah, Actor -e Cinema. Furthermore, his life of Saeed Nikpour in the television series Amir Kabir was traced.
Literature (selection )
- Fereydun Adamiyat: Amir Kabir and Iran. Kharazmi Publishing, Tehran, 1975/1354.
- Abbas Amanat: The Downfall of Mizra Taqi Khan Amir Kabir and the Problem of Ministerial Authority in Qajar Iran. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 23/4 1991, pp. 577-599 ISSN 0020-7438.