Anthriscus

Gloss chervil ( Anthriscus nitidus )

Chervil ( Anthriscus ) is a genus within the family of Umbelliferae ( Apiaceae ). The 9 to 15 species are widespread in Eurasia and Africa. The variety of the rights chervil ( Anthriscus cerefolium ) is used as a spice.

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Chervil species grow as a biennial or perennial herbaceous plants. The tap roots are thin or thickened. The upright stems are hollow and branched. The aboveground plant parts are hairy or bald bristly.

The usually alternate on the stem arranged leaves are often sessile. The base of the leaf blade is more or less clearly designed as a sheath. The oblong to ovoid in outline leaf blade is two to three times pinnate or pinnately divided. The leaf segments are linear - oblong to ovate. The end sections are dentate or pinnately divided.

Inflorescences and flowers

The terminal or constantly standing on an inflorescence stem loosely assembled doppeldoldigen inflorescences contain many relatively small flowers. Bracts absent. There are only a few spreading umbel rays available. The few Hüllchenblätter are bent back and her smooth margin is ciliated. The flower stalks are spread.

The five petals are mostly radial symmetry, in some species, the ray flowers are more or less zygomorphic and enlarged. The flowers are usually bisexual and fertile, in some species the inner flowers are sterile. Calyx teeth are barely visible or absent. The five white or yellowish green petals are elongated or wedge-shaped with a narrow, inwardly curved upper end. Two carpels are fused into one under constant, two-chambered ovary. The two pens are short.

Fruits

The elongated to ovoid gap fruit, also called Doppelachäne, zerfällent at maturity in two partial fruits. The smooth or bristly part fruits are more or less cylindrical, laterally flattened, deeply grooved, terminating in a beak. Oil passages are hardly or not visible.

Occurrence

The genus Anthriscus is naturally widespread in temperate Eurasia and Africa. One type is a neophyte in North America. Distribution area are located in the north-eastern Mediterranean and the Caucasus region.

System

The genus Anthriscus 1805, first published by Christian Hendrik Persoon in Synopsis Plantarum, Volume 1, page 320. Type species is Anthriscus vulgaris Pers., Now a synonym of Anthriscus caucalis M.Bieb .. Synonyms for Anthriscus Pers. are Chaerefolium Haller and Cerefolium Fabr. Anthriscus Pers. nom. cons. after the keys Use the ICBN ( Vienna ICBN Art 14:10 & App. III) conserved compared to the 1800 published homonym Anthriscus Bernh. nom. rej .. The name Anthriscus was already used in ancient times by the Greeks. The last revision of the genus Anthriscus is Krzysztof Spalik: Revision of Anthriscus ( Apiaceae ), In: Polish Botanical Studies. Cracow, Volume 13, 1997, pp. 1-69.

The genus belongs to the subtribe Anthriscus Scandicinae from the tribe Scandiceae in the subfamily Apioideae within the Apiaceae family.

In the genus Anthriscus there are 9 ( in 2001) to 15 ( in 2005) types:

• Dogs and chervil ( Anthriscus caucalis M.Bieb, Syn: .. .. . Anthriscus vulgaris Pers non Bernh, Scandix anthriscus L., torilis anthriscus (L.) Gaertn, torilis anthriscus (L.) Gaertn, Anthriscus scandicina ( FHWigg. ) Mansf. , Caucalis scandicina FHWigg. )
• Real chervil or garden chervil ( Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm. ): He has a wide natural distribution in Europe, the Middle East and the Caucasus.
• Anthriscus kotschyi Fenzl ex Boiss. It occurs in Georgia and in the Asian part of Turkey.
• Anthriscus lamprocarpus Boiss. It occurs in the southeastern Mediterranean.
• Shiny chervil or gloss chervil ( Anthriscus nitidus ( Wahlenb. ) Haszl, Syn: .. . Chaerophyllum nitidum Wahlenb, Anthriscus alpestris Wimm & grave. ): It is widely distributed in Europe.
• Anthriscus ruprechtii Boiss. It comes in Transcaucasia before ( Aserbaitschan, Armenia, Georgia) and in the Asian part of Turkey.
• Anthriscus schmalhausenii Koso -Pol. It occurs in Georgia.
• Cow Parsley ( Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm, Syn. Chaerophyllum sylvestre L., Anthriscus sylvestris var aemula Voronov ): There are some subspecies. It is widely distributed in Europe, Africa, and Asia (northern India, Kashmir, Pakistan, Nepal, China, Korea, Japan, Russia).
• Anthriscus tenerrimus Boiss. & Spruner: It occurs only in the Greek Aegean and in the Asian part of Turkey.
• Anthriscus velutinus divan & Levier: It occurs only in the northern Caucasus.

Use

The most common variety of the rights chervil or garden chervil ( Anthriscus cerefolium ) is utilized. His raw, fresh leaves are extensively used as a spice. Also from Cow Parsley ( Anthriscus sylvestris), the leaves are eaten raw or cooked. The tap roots of Anthriscus sylvestris, perhaps of Anthriscus cerefolium can be eaten cooked.

The medical effects of anthriscus cerefolium were examined.

From the green plant parts of Anthriscus sylvestris, you can get a nice green dye, but it is not very durable.

Swell

• She Menglan (佘孟兰), John FM Cannon & Mark F. Watson: Anthriscus, pp. 26 - text Registered as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi and Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 14 - Apiaceae through Ericaceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2005. ISBN 1-930723-41-5 (Sections Description and systematics)