Aphyllorchis

Aphyllorchis queenslandica

The genus Aphyllorchis from the orchid family (Orchidaceae ) consists of 22 species. These plants not photosynthesize, but live mykoheterotroph. They occur in tropical Asia.

Description

The Aphyllorchis species grow sympodial. For a short, rather thin rhizome with fleshy, unbranched roots spring from the light brown rung. They are set with low- sheets that comprise the stem and end in a racemose inflorescence. The bracts are small and spread apart down. The resupinierten flowers have a short, clearly separated from the ovary pedicel, the ovary itself is long and longitudinally ribbed. The flower color is white to yellowish. The petals are not fused together, except for the lip petals are similarly shaped each other. The lip is divided into two parts: the lower part ( Hypochil ) is bowl-shaped, distinctly narrowed in some species at the base, often with two lateral appendages. The front part ( Epichil ) is usually three-lobed. The lip is not wearing a callus. The column is long, narrow and curved, in the end she carries two staminodes and the fertile stamen. The two pollinia are lengthwise again divided into two and have a mealy consistency. Where known, the pollen is present as tetrads, the pollen grains have no visible aperture. The pollinia are not stalked, the bond area ( Viscidium ) is large and viscous. The scar is three-lobed. The capsule fruit hanging down at the maturity time.

Dissemination

The species of the genus Aphyllorchis are widespread in tropical Asia. In the west, the area along the south slope of the Himalaya ranges, through India to Sri Lanka. Eastwards to southern China and the Ryukyu islands colonized in the Southeast Indo-China, the Philippines, New Guinea and northeastern Australia. Coming from sea level to 3900 meters above sea level before.

The plants grow in humus- rich soil in shade moist forests. They are found in the wing -dominated fruit plants lowland rain forests in higher elevations associated with oaks or Castanopsis, at the edge of the Himalayas in Tsuga - Rhododendron forests.

Systematics and botanical history

The genus Aphyllorchis is counted for tribes Neottieae. Related genera are Cephalanthera, Epipactis, Limodorum, Neottia, Palmorchis and Thaia.

The genus was described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume. Type species is Aphyllorchis pallida. The name means something like " leafless orchid ". Meanwhile, 22 valid species are known:

  • Aphyllorchis acuminata J.J.Sm.
  • Aphyllorchis alpina King & Pantl.
  • Aphyllorchis angustipetala J.J.Sm.
  • Aphyllorchis annamensis Aver.
  • Aphyllorchis anomala Dockrill
  • Aphyllorchis caudata Rolfe ex Downie
  • Aphyllorchis elata Schltr.
  • Aphyllorchis evrardii Gagnep.
  • Aphyllorchis exilis Schltr.
  • Aphyllorchis gollanii Duthie
  • Aphyllorchis gracilis Schltr.
  • Aphyllorchis halconensis Ames
  • Aphyllorchis kemulensis J.J.Sm.
  • Aphyllorchis montana Rchb.f.
  • Aphyllorchis pallida flower
  • Aphyllorchis queenslandica Dockrill
  • Aphyllorchis siantanensis J.J.Sm.
  • Aphyllorchis simplex Tang & F.T.Wang
  • Aphyllorchis spiculaea Rchb.f.
  • Aphyllorchis striata ( Ridl. ) Ridl.
  • Aphyllorchis sumatrana J.J.Sm.
  • Aphyllorchis torricellensis Schltr.

Documents

The information of this article come from mainly:

  • Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java. Bentham - Moxon Trust, Kew, 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4, pp. 50-51.
  • DL Jones, T. Hopley, SM Duffy, KJ Richards, MA Clements, X. Zhang (2006): Australian Orchid Genera.
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase ( Ed.): Genera Orchidacearum. Epidendroideae ( Part one ). 2nd edition. 4/1, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2005, ISBN 0-19-850712-7, p 496
  • Xinqi Chen, Zhu Guanghua, Ji Zhanhe, long Kaiyong, Luo Yibo, Phillip Cribb: Orchidaceae (draft ). In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 1994 ( eFloras.org, accessed on 06.08.2008 ).

Moreover, quoting:

Postgraduate

  • Commons: Aphyllorchis - album with pictures, videos and audio files
  • List of Orchid Genera
  • Photo of Aphyllorchis queenslandica
  • Orchids
  • Orchidaceae
  • Mykoheterotrophe plant
Mycotroph Resupination Ovary (botany) Labellum (botany) Pollinium Stigma (botany) Farther India List of natural Orchidaceae genera
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