Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll
Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll, better known as Archibald Campbell, 1st Earl of Ilay (also Islay ) KT KG, PC ( * June 1, 1682 in Petersham, Surrey, † April 15, 1761 in London) was a Scottish aristocrat, judge, statesman and soldier.
Life
Archibald Campbell was a son of Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll ( 1658-1703 ) and his wife Lady Elizabeth Tollemache ( 1659-1735 ). He followed his brother, John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 1743 - shortly before the Jacobite uprising ( 1745) - as Duke of Argyll and Chief of Clan Campbell.
After a short military career Archibald Campbell went into politics and in 1706 one of the commissioners for the Act of Union 1707. During the battle of Sherriffmuir (1715 ), he was seriously injured. After they had created the title of Earl of Ilay for him, he was voted one of 16 representatives of the peers of Scotland (Representative Peer ) in the House of Lords. While the terms of office of Sir Robert Walpole (1721-1742), Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington ( 1742-1743 ) and Henry Pelham ( 1743-1754 ) he ruled, on the one hand, by the power of the Campbells, on the other hand, with the support of the government policy in Scotland.
Lord Ilay was one of the founders of the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS ), which was founded in 1727 by royal decree, and served as the first Governor of the Bank. His portrait - based on a painting by Allan Ramsay - appeared on the front of all Royal Bank of Scotland banknotes, a watermark; only in 1987 they have been redesigned.
Archibald Campbell built the ancestral home of the Campbells of Inveraray Castle on again and is considered the founder of the town of Inveraray. The Duke was an enthusiastic botanist and had to import a large number of exotic plants and trees. Horace Walpole even gave him the nickname Treemonger. After his death, his nephew John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute ( 1713-1792 ) inherited his large garden; this was the basis of the later famous Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. They were from the Princess Augusta of Saxe- Gotha -Altenburg, the Friedrich Ludwig widow of the Prince of Wales, significantly expanded. He was named in honor of The Duke of Argyll 's Tea Tree ( Wolfberry ), an imported shrub, named after him.
Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll, died without legitimate offspring, the title passed to his cousin John Campbell ( 1693-1770 ).