Ardoch Algonquin First Nation
The Ardoch Ardoch Algonquin First Nation or are one of the Canadian First Nations in the province of Ontario. However, they are not recognized by the government. They represent a Anishnabek group, and live in the drainage area of Madawaska, Mississippi and Rideau.
Their language belongs to the Algonquian language family.
History
- S.a. history of Ontario
Where Madawaska, Rideau and Mississippi approaching, the Ardoch see their original homeland. They participated in trading on the Ottawa River.
With the advance of the settlers did scattered groups of Indians, also from the Mississippi to the Ardoch, who could no longer visit in 1850 their summer areas ( Kanasatake ) in the south.
The first reserved for Algonquian groups in 1844 land was located on Bob 's Lake in the traditional territory of the Ardoch. Some Ardoch families had previously acquired a license to acquire 2000 acres of land, but in the course of the 1850s, they were driven by unauthorized logging. The Irish settlers who followed them, burned the wood to win potash. Numerous saw-mills, farms and mines dominated the picture, as everywhere on the southern shore of the Ottawa.
The Ardoch hired themselves out to farms to Kingston and Amherstview. Many of them tried to find during the First World War a way out of the misery and the open racism. Those left behind operated small farms, acted as trappers and led tourists.
In the 1930s, the reserve of the Algonquins of Golden Lake was recognized as an Indian reservation. Canada Ontario had bought the land in 1874 for the settlement of five Algonkinfamilien. But this led to complicated conflicts, because the province had the Algonquian Provincial Park set up in which the Indians were no longer allowed to hunt. On the other hand, the destitute Indians were largely dependent on the help of Ontario. The protection of the government offered benefits that communities such as Mattawa, Whitney, Lake St. Peter, Calabogie, etc. not enjoyed. On Bob 's Lake still repressed new settlers the Ardoch.
Struggle for traditional wild rice (1981 )
1981 united the Ardoch with the municipalities of Alderville, Tyendinaga, Curve Lake and Hiawatha to a 27 -day stand-off in order to substantiate their claim to wild rice ( manomin ), which grows at Ardoch. He is here for a long time one of the most important traditional food Represents the collective right had shared the Ardoch since 1850 with other collectors from Alder Ville and Curve Lake. Even the construction of the Trent Canal had partially destroyed their habitat. The Canadian police entered on August 30, 1981, boats, helicopters and several hundred police officers in the area occupied by the Ardoch area off to escort a boat to Mud Lake.
The next day the Ardoch occupied their traditional territory for 27 days. Their leader was the then Elder ( Elder) and current honorary chief of the Ardoch. After all, he reached in court that the government admitted that the operation had been without legal recourse. Since then, the rice areas are protected. Many Ardoch believe this surprising legal success and long with us on Ardoch stand-off were only possible through the help of their ancestors. For the first time they had won a victory of sorts, which the self-confidence of many Ardoch lifted, so that many of the families at the Sharbot Lake, Bob 's Lake, from Fall River, the Eel and from Eagle Lake, Big Rideau, from the Tay River, Matta guards, Calabogie and Ottawa were among them.
Self-organization of non- status Indians, tribal rights
Until 1991, Harold Perry and Bob Lovelace tried to bring together the families and to reconstruct history and pedigrees. This year, they came to a national meeting of the Non - Status Indians (non- status indians ), and in June of the following year they founded the Ardoch Algonquin First Nation and Allies
In 1991, the group at the Golden Lake on a hunting agreement with Ontario one, which weakened their claim to the parking area. Thus, the Ardoch attracted in 1994 the negotiations for land claims back, but wanted each Ardoch strengthen the back, who insisted on his hunting rights. 1996 failed the government before the Ontario Appellate Court, while trying to take the rights of the Ardoch reversed.
1998 brought the Ardoch Ontario to the Supreme Court because they had been cut off without legal basis of the revenue from the Casino Rama. They were not as recognized tribe to enforce the first time tribal rights. Furthermore, they put individual rights by the Ontario Municipal Board, and before the Environmental Review Tribunal.
Meanwhile, relations with the Pikwakanagan ( Golden Lake ) are very good. But the image of the trunk has been damaged by attempts of individuals to enrich themselves, bypassing the meeting of the heads of families. In one case went out of the corresponding agreement by Sharbot Lake Area Committee shows, the later Sharbot Mishigaming Anishinbeg First Nation. Another case is the group that the Ardoch Algonquins calls himself, and also sits on the Algonquin Nation Tribal Council ( ANTC ). These disputes have been created irreconcilable differences.
In April 2007, the tribe announced that Manomin Heritage Centre to build on Pine Lake, northwest of Sharbot Lake.
Current Situation
Meanwhile Search Uranprospektoren world after the increasingly expensive metal. In the area around 100 km west of Ottawa near Crotch Lake ( Robertsville ) Frontenac Ventures is looking for uranium. The area is about 12,000 hectares and includes both crown land, as well as privately owned. The Ontario law permits the search for mineral resources, even where private property is. After that, the owners acquire not the country but not the minerals underneath. In principle, so start each resource companies to build roads, clear forests to lay supply lines. Therefore, the affected settlers joined the protest to increasingly.
However, in court the company got right, and also the re- blockage of the site in January - already to October 2007, the site was occupied from June - did not help the Ardoch and Shabot their allied Obaadiwan - Algonquian. On the contrary, the Ardoch chief was arrested on 15 February 2008 and sentenced to a fine of $ 25,000 and six months in prison. Paula Sherman, co- chief, has been promulgated, the penalty, but they should pay $ 15,000. For this, the mother of three children had to accept, not to protest against uranium mining.
After judgments of the Supreme Court, each province is committed to consultations with interventions in the traditional territories of the First Nations. Cam Clark, the negotiator for the province of Ontario, apparently insisted that drilling can begin even during the negotiations. As this was unacceptable to the Ardoch, they decided in early February to block the drilling site. As chief Bob Lovelace and several other blockers were arrested, hundreds protested in front of the jail in Napanee. On 21 February, he was transferred to the Central East Correctional Centre in Lindsay.
Meanwhile, members of the Canadian Green Party and Amnesty International for the prisoner put a, which can currently further directed neither at Queen 's University, Sir Sandford Fleming still at college. His four children are cared for by his wife Stephanie. The Union of the chiefs of British Columbia ( Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs) now supports his claims. The criticism is directed against the Government of the Province of Ontario.
Even the Toronto Star criticized the government's behavior, not the judge's decision. Above all, the criticism was directed against Premier Dalton McGuinty, who has failed to comply with the rulings of the Supreme Court, which provides for mandatory consultations. Although exploration in Ontario since 1878 are subject to special legislation, it can not break Canadian law this right yet. Thus, this question would need to be clarified. Rightfully it if the Premier would stop the drilling until the clarification of this question is.
On 20 April 2008, gathered 400 people to protest against the actions of the provincial government and the arrests, among them Phil Fontaine, Grand Chief of the Assembly of First Nations.