Asclepias
The milkweed ( Asclepias ) are a genus of the subfamily of milkweed plants ( Asclepiadoideae ) within the family of Hundsgiftgewächse. Their original homeland is mainly the New World, some types are used in many areas of the world neophytes.
- 2.1 Differences to the related genus Gomphocarpus
- 3.1 Notes and references
Description
Appearance and leaves
Asclepias species usually grow as a perennial, rarely herbaceous plants as annuals; the most woody species slightly at the base. Usually, the maximum short -stalked leaves are opposite or less often they are arranged in whorls on the stems. The herbaceous leaf blades are linear with a length of 2 to 17 cm and a width of 0.1 to 3 cm, triangular, elliptical or oblong, with rounded, wedge-shaped or blunt Spreitenbasis and sharp or pointed ends. The leaf surfaces may be hairy bald until fluffy
Inflorescences and flowers
The terminal or between the nodes ( more nodes ) springing, umbel-like, zymösen inflorescences are little - to usually many flowered. The Blütenstandsschäfte are usually at least as long as the pedicels, sometimes they are missing. The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and nectar leading, most fünfzählig double perianth. The usually five sepals are fused and hand haired or bald. The most overgrown five only at their base petals are upright repulsed by. It's just a circle with five stamens present. The stamens and the tip region of the carpels are fused to a so-called Gynostegium. The Upright Gynostegium has incurved, tongue- hornähniche appendage. The two upper permanent carpels are mutually free. Pollination is mostly by insects ( entomophily ).
Fruit and seeds
The fertilized flower produces two follicles, which usually stand together like two horns. The spindle-shaped follicles have a pointed end and contain densely packed many flat seeds, as organs of flight 15 to 40 mm long, silky hair is dyed (hence the name silk plants ).
System
The genus Asclepias belongs to the subtribe Asclepiadinae from the tribe Asclepiadeae in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae within the family Apocynaceae. The first publication of the genus name Asclepias was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, pp. 214-217. As lectotype was in Hitchcock: Prop. Brit. Bot, 1929, pp. 136, Asclepias syriaca set. Linnaeus has the botanical genus name Asclepias derived from Asklepios, the Greek god of healing, because it was often used in folk medicine. Synonyms for Asclepias L. are: Acerates Elliott, Anantherix Nutt, Asclepiodella Small, Asclepiodora A.Gray, Biventraria Small, Oxypteryx Greene, Greene Podostemma, Podostigma Elliott, Schizonotus A.Gray, Solanoa Greene..
The genus of milkweed ( Asclepias ) includes over 200 species:
- Asclepias adscendens ( Schltr. ) Schltr
- Asclepias × aequicornu E.Fourn.
- Asclepias affinis ( Schltr. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias ageratoides M.A.Curtis
- Asclepias albens ( E.Mey. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias albicans S.Watson
- Asclepias alpestris ( K.Schum. ) Goyder
- Asclepias amabilis N.E.Br.
- Asclepias ameliae S.Moore
- Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm
- Asclepias apocynifolia Woodson
- Asclepias arenaria Torr.
- Asclepias asperula ( Decne. ) Woodson Asclepias asperula subsp. capri cornu ( Woodson ) Woodson
- Asclepias brevianterae ssp. minor Goyder
- Asclepias cryptoceras subsp. davisii ( Woodson ) Woodson
- Asclepias cucullata subsp. scabrifolia ( S.Moore ) Goyder
- Asclepias fascicularis Decne.
- Asclepias feayi Chapm. ex A. Gray
- Asclepias fimbriata Weim.
- Asclepias flanaganii Schltr.
- Asclepias flexuosa ( E.Mey. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias foliosa ( K.Scum. ) Hiern
- Asclepias fournieri Woodson
- Asclepias fulva N.E.Br.
- Asclepias galeottii E.Fourn.
- Asclepias gentryi Standlschmaus.
- Asclepias gibba ( E.Mey. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias glaucescens Kunth
- Asclepias gordon - grayae Nicholas
- Asclepias graminifolia (Wild) Goyder
- Asclepias grandirandii Goyder
- Asclepias hallii A.Gray
- Asclepias humilis ( E.Mey. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias humistrata Walter
- Asclepias hypoleuca ( A. Gray ) Woodson
- Asclepias inaequalis Goyder
- Swamp Milkweed ( Asclepias incarnata L.) Asclepias incarnata subsp. pulchra ( Ehrh. ex Willd. ) Woodson
- Asclepias longifolia var hirtella ( Pennell ) BLTurner
- Asclepias patens N.E.Br.
- Asclepias pedicellata Walter
- Asclepias pellucida E.Fourn.
- Asclepias Peltigera ( E.Mey. ) Schltr.
- Asclepias perennis Walter
- Asclepias pilgeriana Schltr.
- Asclepias praemorsa Schltr.
- Asclepias pratensis Benth.
- Asclepias pringlei ( Greenm. ) Woodson
- Asclepias prostrata W.H.Blackw.
- Asclepias pseudoamabilis Goyder
- Asclepias pseudofimbriata ( Goyder ) Goyder
- Asclepias pseudorubricaulis Woodson
- Asclepias puberula A.Gray
- Asclepias pumila ( A. Gray ) Vail
- Asclepias purpurascens L.
- Asclepias pygmaea N.E.Br.
- Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq.
- Asclepias quinquedentata A.Gray
- Asclepias rafaelensis Brandegee
- Asclepias Randii S.Moore
- Asclepias rara N.E.Br.
- Asclepias Rosea Kunth
- Asclepias rubra L.
- Asclepias rubricaulis Kunth
- Asclepias rusbyi ( Vail ) Woodson
- Asclepias scaposa Vail
- Asclepias schaffneri A.Gray
- Asclepias scheryi Woodson
- Asclepias schlechteri ( K.Schum. ) N.E.Br.
- Asclepias schumanniana Hiern
- Asclepias shabaensis ( Goyder ) Goyder
- Asclepias similis Hemsl.
- Asclepias solanoana Woodson
- Asclepias solstitialis A.Chev.
- Asclepias speciosa Torr.
- Asclepias sperryi Woodson
- Asclepias sphacelata ( K.Schum. ) N.E.Br.
- Asclepias standleyi Woodson
- Asclepias stathmostelmoides Goyder
- Asclepias stellifera Schltr.
- Asclepias stenophylla A.Gray
- Asclepias subaphylla Woodson
- Asclepias subulata Decne.
- Asclepias subverticillata ( A. Gray ) Vail
- Asclepias subviridis S.Moore
- Asclepias suffrutex Standlschmaus.
- Asclepias sullivantii Engelm. ex A. Gray
- Common Milkweed ( Asclepias syriaca L.)
- Asclepias tanganyikensis E.A.Bruce
- Asclepias tapalpana M.E.Jones
- Asclepias texana A.Heller
- Asclepias tomentosa Elliott
- Asclepias tuberosa L. Asclepias tuberosa subsp. interior Woodson
- Asclepias tuberosa subsp. rolfsii ( Britton ex Vail ) Woodson
- Asclepias Uncialis subsp. ruthiae ( Maguire ) J.T.Kartesz & Gandhi
- Asclepias vestita subsp. parishii ( Jeps. ) Woodson
Differences from the related genus Gomphocarpus
The genus differs from the genus Asclepias Gomphocarpus especially through the lean to fat turnip -shaped or bulbous trained rhizome, which is fibrous or woody at Gomphocarpus. Asclepias forms annually sprouting, mostly unbranched or slightly branched stems, Gomphocarpus, however short-lived, perennial subshrubs with branched stems. Furthermore, the inflorescences are terminal in Asclepias, in contrast Gomphocarpus Extra - axillary ( from the leaf axils out going).
Swell
- Bingtao Li, Michael G. Gilbert & Douglas W. Stevens: Asclepiadaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 16, 1995, p 203: Asclepias - Online. ( Description section )
- S. Schumann songs & U. Meve 2006. The generation of Asclepiadoideae, Secamonoideae and Periplocoideae ( Apocynaceae ) Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: September 21, 2000 Type Asclepias. .