Augustin Theiner

Augustin Theiner (* April 11, 1804 in Breslau, † 8 or August 9, 1874 in Civitavecchia ) was a German canonist and historian.

Life

Augustin Theiner studied in Breslau and later also in Hall Law ( completion 1829). Together with his brother Johann Anton Theiner (1799-1860) he published - still a student - a material rich celibacy critical book of long lasting significance. But the hopes of a German instead of Roman Catholicism, to comprehensive reform of the Church and ecumenism under state supervision were probably still very bold. While his brother was allowed to teach at the University of Breslau, and was later excommunicated from the Wrocław Bishop Diepenbrock, Augustine Theiner received a state scholarship ( Prussia ) for further studies in Belgium, England and France. He researched critical, but in friendship with Jesuit circles, the origins of Canon Law. In Rome he was able to accomplish some of this work and was - late 1830s - ordained a priest. But he described his "conversion " back to the one true faith, and published it - in a foreign language. He was given access to the papal archives and wrote the required job works. In 1840 he was appointed Consultor of the Congregation of the Index. In 1851 he became coadjutor of the Prefect of the Vatican Secret Archives and 1856 the prefect.

He worked as a sort of secret agent who loved the archival work and wanted to track the sources of the papal power and its system. This quite in the ambivalence unconditional Catholic affiliation, which interprets the whole story from a confessional fronts, thereby partisan, apologetic, selectively going on and perhaps practically ready for the liberation of the danger of liberalism Pope with a volunteer army; but is then but also German, even educated enough here reshape the set of values ​​to set Nationality and science in addition to the confessionalism. Even Johann Friedrich von Schulte was mighty Catholic Church lawyer, and pushed himself on celibacy and spiritual Engheiten. The Witch researcher Wilhelm Gottlieb Soldan Theiner devoted almost an entire book, the human issues of confessional boundaries are friendly ready addressed in the preface.

Regarding Theiners jesuitismuskritischer assessments to pontificate Clement XIV moved it to the Jesuit house author Jacques Cretineau -Joly in a dispute. With the Alta Vendita files that Cretineau -Joly was first published, the Jesuit template for what was then tried the other way around later in the Taxil hoax revealed. Theiner but remains in the Catholic camp. In Germany now also practice some Catholic scholars - at the universities of Breslau, Bonn, Tübingen, Munich - increasingly sharper Jesuitism - criticism and demand free science for theology. Theiner has contact with Lamennais and is friends with Dollinger. He - and partly also other Lord Acton - opens the opposition movement that otherwise sealed sources. The church legal expert for the subterfuges of the Council's organization is before the First Vatican Council of 1869 /70 one of the main liaison for the resistance against the planned Unfehlbarmachung of the Pope.

The Munich-based publications by Huber, Friedrich, Dollinger, Reusch go back to his files handoffs. After the German Catholicism here examined more established circles reforms, or at least avoid further escalations. This was initially in accordance with the entire German episcopate, who had spoken with a formulation of the priest and later philosopher Franz Brentano against the introduction of infallibility at the present time. But the council had subtleties of agendas and influences available, how does one knew in Munich in detail, although Dollinger had not come to the council. The publication of these insider stories under the pseudonym Janus caused a great stir and was as it were the prelude to the Old Catholicism.

After it became clear that the person in charge of the Secret Archives, had betrayed the rules of procedure of the Council of Trent itself, he was shocked his offices. The under construction Old Catholic Church sought to him, but he took no part in it. Johannes Friedrich stayed with him in correspondence and conversation, and assured that Theiner have Old Catholic positions, but is contested by the Catholic side its waste. One of the leaders of the Old Catholic clergy rumored Theiners position to the Council. Then the Jesuit party had tried on Vatican Council, " to better master the bishops about the infallible Pope more and then with their help stupefy the Clergy [ to ] and Rule [ to ]. "

In his last years, Augustin Theiner tried to bring the publication it still accessible documents (own copies ) to ( unauthorized ). The staunchest opposition bishop, who only last - after years - submitted the new dogma of infallibility, Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Zagreb ( Agram ), allowed the very critical arranged publication. Haste was necessary, Theiners life was on the decline and a more reliable edition appeared already in the Gorres Society.

Augustin Theiner was buried in the German cemetery in Rome. His grave monument created the Freiburg sculptor Julius Seitz.

Works

  • Together with a couple Anton Theiner: The introduction of enforced celibacy among the Christian clergy and their consequences 2 vols Altenburg 1828 Second volume; Reprint: Barmen 1892 ( review: Catholic XXXIII, 1829, 354f ) revision by Friedrich Nippold 1893 In extract bibliographic entries and additions re-edited by W. Mehnert. . 1932
  • About Ivo's alleged decree: a contribution to the history of canon law, and in particular to the Critique of the sources of Gratian; together with e - Anh sources. Mainz: Florian Kupferberg, 1832.
  • History of spiritual educational institutions. Mainz ( among others ): Copper Mountain, 1835.
  • Collection of some important documents in the file on the history of the emancipation of Catholics in England. Mainz 1835
  • Disquisitiones criticae in praecipuas canonum et decretalium collectiones. Rome 1836
  • Histoire de ma conversion. Paris 1838 ( to become a priest)
  • Sweden and its position relative to the Holy See under John III, Sigismund III and Charles IX. After secret government securities. 2 volumes, Augsburg, Kollmann 1838/39
  • Attempts and efforts of St.. See, in the last three centuries, to unite by heresy and schism from his separate peoples of the north again with the church. After secret government securities. Volume 1, Part 1 and 2 also udT: Sweden & his position for hl. Chairs under John III. , Sigismund III. and Charles IX. 2 parts. By deed book, Regensburg 1838-1839
  • The latest status of the Catholic Church of both rites in Poland and Russia since Catherine II to the present day: with a review of the Russian Church and its position relative to the Holy See since its foundation until Catherine II to the present day; with a gang Documents / Philip Neri. Augsburg: Kollmann, 1841.
  • History of Returning the ruling houses of Brunswick and Saxony in the bosom of the Catholic Church in the eighteenth century and the restoration of the Catholic religion in those states. Gradually, with original letter. Einsiedeln: Benziger 1843
  • Russia's state church in 1839 According to the latest Synodalberichten represented by a priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, Schaffhausen. Hurter 1844 2, unveränd. . Ed Schaffhausen: Hurter, 1853
  • Gift of Heidelberger library by Maximilian I. Duke and Elector of Bavaria to Pope Gregory XV. and their dispatch to Rome: With original fonts. Munich: Lit Art Anst, 1844.
  • Duke Albrecht of Prussia, gewesenen Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, was made, and Frederick I King of Prussia tried to return to the Catholic Church: by and with original documents. Augsburg: Kollmann, 1846.
  • Lettere storico - critiche Naples in 1849 ( against Rosmini )
  • The Cardinal Johann Heinrich Gf. v. Frankenberg, EB v. Malines, primate of Belgium, and his fight f the freedom of the Church and the Episcopal seminaries under Emperor Josepf II, Freiburg 1850
  • States of the cath. Church in Silesia v. 1740-1758 and the negotiations of Frederick II and the Prince Bisch. v. Wroclaw, the Cardinal Louis Ph. Gf. v. Sinzendorf and Ph. Gotth. Prince v. Schaffgottich with the Pope Benedict XIV with documents from the secret architect of St. Chair, 2 sv., Regensburg 1852
  • Clement XIV and the Jesuits in: Leu. JB (ed.): History of the pontificate Clement XIV Lucerne 1853
  • History of Pontificates Clement XIV, after unedirten State fonts from the secret archives of the Vatican. 2 vols with the effigy of Clement XIV, Leipzig and Paris: Didot in 1853 ( with allegations against the Jesuits )
  • The continuation of the Annals of Baronius (3 vols., 1856)
  • Documents inédits relatifs aux affaires religieuses de la France ( 1790-1800 ). Paris 1857
  • Vetera monumental Hungariae ( 2 vols., 1859-60 )
  • Poloniae et Lithuaniae (4 vols., 1860-64 )
  • Codex dominii temporalis apostolicae sedis (3 vols., 1861-62 )
  • The two general councils of Lyon in 1245 of Constance in 1414 over the temporal power of the Holy See. Italian 1861. Fressler of German. Freiburg 1862
  • Monumenta vet- Hibernorum et Scotorum historiam illustrantia quae ex Vaticano, Neapolis ac Florentiae tabula riis deprompsit et ordine chronologicio disposuit Augustin Theiner. Rome 1859
  • Monumenta spectantia ad unionem ecclesiarum Graecae et Romanae. Vienna 1872
  • Vetera Monumenta Slavorum Meridionalium. Volume 1 Rome 1863. 2nd volume Zagreb 1874
  • . Acta genuina Concilii Tridentine, 2 vols Agram ( Zagreb = ) 1874 (after Hurter: opus indiligens et infidum )

Editions with beschafftem of Theiner material

  • Janus: The Pope and the council. [ According to the Augsburg Allgemeine Zeitung ( AAZ ) published article: The Council and the Civilta, authorship Dollinger / Huber ] Leipzig: Steinacker 1869 2nd edition with source evidence of John Friedrich, Munich 1892 reprint of the 2nd ed. .: The Papacy, Darmstadt WBG 1969
  • Dollinger, and Ignaz von Franz Heinrich Reusch: history of moral disputes in the Roman Catholic Church since the 16th century: with unpublished contributions to the history and characteristics of the Jesuit Order / due to procedural documents Edit. 2 vols Nördlingen: Beck, 1889 reprint Aalen. Scientia, 1968
  • Dollinger, Ignaz von La papauté: son origine au Moyen Age et son développement jusque ' s 1870; avec notes et documents de J. Friedrich; Traditional de l' anglais par A. Giraud - Teulon. Paris: Alcan, 1904

Swell

  • Jacques Cretineau -Joly: Lettre au Père A. Theiner, Bruxelles - Paris, 1853
  • Friedrich, Johannes: The ultramontane attacks against P. Theiner. In: Cologne Gazette 1874 No. 259
  • Gisiger, Hermann (Secretary Theiners ): P. Theiner and the Jesuits: back memories of P. Theiner, prefect of the Vatican archives, with additions by Prof. Friedrich. Mannheim:. Schneider, 1875 100 pp.
Wrocław Melchior von Diepenbrock Johann Friedrich (theologian) Johannes Friedrich (bishop) Antonio Rosmini-Serbati Hubert Jedin Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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