Augustinians

Augustinian Order in the narrower sense, the Roman Catholic convent cooperatives, which already relate to the teachers of the Church, Augustine of Hippo on their behalf. In a broader sense, all cooperatives are meant monastery that have adopted the so-called Augustine rule.

• 5.1 Literature
• 5.2 External links
• 5.3 Notes and references

The mastermind

Augustine of Hippo ( 354-430 ), a saint of the Roman Catholic Church and by his Confessions (Confessions ) still read writer, was similar to Benedict of Nursia ( 480-547 ) is not a personal Founder, but inspired his writings on religious foundations in later times. Among the main features of his character, as expressed in the Augustine rule ( about 497), were "God -mindedness and love of neighbor ," " evangelical poverty and humility ", " selfless service, patience and kindness ." A few hundred years later, in particular its emphasis on poverty was seen as a response to urgent ecclesial problems.

Men's Orders

Augustinian Canons

While the church reform of the 11th century, numerous cathedral and collegiate chapters led a common life based on the Augustine rule. This " Canons Regular " Although there were no monks, but unlike other priests and deacons they renounced personal possessions and lived as monks for a monastic rule together. From mergers such communities throughout the Middle Ages very common Augustinian canons emerged.

Augustinian Hermits, barefoot and Recollects

In March 1244 formed in Tuscany for several ascetic monastic groups, the " hermit of St. Augustine "; published in April 1256 Pope Alexander IV, the Bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae with which he with other regional communities ( the Tuscan hermits, the Janboniten, the Brictinensern and Wilhelmiten ) to a "big union" merged these same hermit - the Augustinian Hermits. After the Dominicans, Franciscans and Carmelites as the fourth great mendicant orders of the Middle Ages had arisen, the later the reformer Martin Luther (1483-1546) was a member. 1963, Pope John XXIII. delete the second part of the name Augustinian Hermits, because the eremitical life was not an indicator of the Order more; Since then called the order of " Augustinian Order " and the religious with " Augustinian ".

The branching of the Augustinian Hermits Augustinian Discalced were approved in 1610; a popular representatives of this order was the preacher Abraham a Sancta Clara. The approval of the turn, branching off from the barefoot friars Augustinians Augustinian Recollects took place in 1912.

Augustinian Order in the broader sense

Besides the already mentioned four orders, which lead her mentor Augustine in the name, there are many more communities that are based on its precepts. These include the one hand, the Augustinian Hermits comparable mendicant orders, such as the Dominicans, Trinitarians and Mercedarians, on the other hand the Augustinian Canons Regular of comparable, as the Premonstratensian ( now the largest religious "regulated canons ', established in 1120). The following orders are now in the German-speaking region:

• Brothers of Mercy
• German Order
• Dominican
• Crusaders
• Maltese
• Premonstratensian
• Redemptorist
• Canons Regular of the Holy Cross
• Servite
• Trinitarians

Women's Orders

Even Augustine of Hippo had expressly communities of women in mind. His text Praeceptum (teaching, rule, commandment ), which actually goes back unlike the texts Regularis informatio and Ordo monasterii to the Father of the Church, exists in a version for men and one for women. The members of Augustinian women's orders are also known as Augustinians. The following orders are now in the German-speaking region:

• Augustinian Canons women
• Birgitt interior
• Cellitinnen
• Dominican Sisters
• Premonstratensian
• Redemptoristines
• Rita sisters
• Servitinnen
• Ursuline

Third Order

Under the Third Order Franciscan are particularly widespread. There are also numerous Third Order, who refer to the Augustine rule, for example, the Norbertine Tertiaries and Tertiaries.

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