Balkansprachbund

The Balkans Sprachbund is a Sprachbund in Southeast Europe, which is a group of genetically no closer related languages ​​that have yet striking structural similarities a number.

For "Balkan Sprachbund " are Albanian (which has its own branch in the Indo-European languages ​​group), Romanian ( a Romance language ) and the Slavic languages ​​Bulgarian, Macedonian and Torlakische dialect of Serbian counted, partly classical and modern Greek.

The Turkish is one of the factors that have contributed to the emergence of this language German. In addition to this superstrate influence the mutual linguistic influence are used by widespread bilingualism and multilingualism in a similar cultural milieu to explain the linguistic commonalties.

The calculated on this Sprachbund languages ​​belong to the Indo- with the exception of the Turkish language family, but come from different branches. However, they share some features with each other, which have evolved relatively late and were not present in earlier stages of language as ancient Greek, Latin and Old Church Slavonic.

Most important are the following features:

• Trailing ( postponierte ) products, such as Rumanian. lup "wolf" vs.. lupul " the Wolf" and alb. qen " dog " vs. qeni "the dog "
• The formal coincidence of genitive and dative
• The lack of the infinitive
• The future tense is with the particular verb for "want" circumscribed.

The mode of formation of the numerals 11 to 19 according to the pattern " one to ten ", " ten to two " has been adopted by the Slavic languages, such as alban. njëmbëdhjetë, dymbëdhjetë and Rumanian. unsprezece, doisprezece. In addition, there are numerous similarities in the idioms that go back mainly to Turkish expression.

Not all similarities of the Balkan language Bunds are equally pronounced in all its languages. Albanian, Romanian and Macedonian particularly share many characteristics.