Boudry
Boudry is a municipality in the district of Boudry in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.
Geography
Boudry is at 460 m above sea level. M., 8 km southwest of the capital of the canton of Neuchâtel (air line). The town extends in the lower valley of the Areuse, near its confluence with Lake Neuchâtel, at the foot of the Jura.
The area of 16.8 km ² large municipality area comprises the lower portion of Areusetals. To the east of the municipality of soil ranges in a narrow strip up to the Lake of Neuchâtel ( Port de Boudry ) and there covers the north of the Areuse park of the flat Aufschüttungsfächers. In the area of Boudry is the Areuse and her left side creek that Merdasson, sunk into a marly slope foot level. Northwest of Boudry, the Gorges de l' Areuse, a deep canyon in the transverse valley Areuse are through the first Jura chain. The municipal area here includes the densely forested steep side of the valley south of the Areuse ( Côte du Champ du Moulin and Grande Cote ). The border runs through the Montagne de Boudry where. Lessy on the signal you with 1'387 m above sea M. the highest point of the municipality is reached. From the municipality surface 1997 11 % came from settlements, 63 % of forest and shrubs, 24% to agriculture and slightly less than 2% was unproductive land.
At Boudry include the settlements Areuse (446 m above sea level. M. ) north of the Areuse on the edge of the alluvial fan, Grand Champ (440 m above sea level. M. ) on the alluvial fans, Perreux (510 m above sea level. M. ) at the eastern foot of the Montagne de Boudry, Trois- Rods (515 m above sea level. M. ) and the lower part of Chambrelien (630 m above sea level. M. ) on the Jura south slope and Champ du Moulin - lingerie (617 m above sea level. M. ) in the transverse valley of the Areuse. Neighboring communities of Boudry are Cortaillod, Bevaix, Gorgier, Val -de- Travers, Brot-Dessous, Rochefort and Milvignes.
Population
With 5052 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Boudry one of the great municipalities in the canton of Neuchâtel. Of the 86.5 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 4.2 % and 3.0 % Italian-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Boudry has increased significantly, especially during the 1960s and 1980s. Since 1990, only relatively small fluctuations are observed, since 2000, there is even a declining trend.
Economy
Boudry was until the late 18th century agricultural center, then began the industrialization. Significant for the whole region were the three Indienne factories Vauvilliers, Les Iles and Grandchamp along the Areuse in the 18th and 19th centuries. After the closure of these factories (most recently that of Vauvilliers 1874), the factory buildings were used by other industries. In the factory premises of Grandchamp the Communauté de Grandchamp has found a home. Today rank companies in the construction industry, precision engineering, electronics ( Cicor Technologies), the machine tool and a battery factory to the most important industries. The management and tourism have their share of the employment structure. Another important issue is agriculture, which focuses on agriculture and viticulture, and in forestry. On the southern slopes of the Planeyse and along the bottom Areusetals there are extensive vineyards. In Boudry there are several wine cellar, a tasting cellar and since 1986 also a wine museum. In Perreux a cantonal hospital for the chronically ill was founded in 1894, which now houses a psychiatric clinic.
Traffic
The community is a very good transport developed. It lies on the main road 5 of Neuchâtel to Yverdon. As early as 1960 a local bypass road was built. An effective relief of the place by transit traffic brought the opening of the A5 motorway (Neuchâtel -Yverdon ) in May 2005. Travels around the town you in a tunnel that was created in the mining industry.
On 7 November 1859, the railway line Yverdon- Neuchatel opened with a station in Boudry at the level between the valleys of Areuse and Merdasson. The Opened in 1892, cross-country line 5 tram Neuchâtel served two stops in Boudry and one in Areuse. For the dispersion in public transport, the bus line, which runs from Boudry to Saint -Aubin- Sauges care, and two local lines ( Boudry - Perreux and Areuse - Cortaillod ).
History
Boudry can look back on a very long urban tradition. As earliest settlement remains the stilt houses are along the shores of Lake Neuchâtel, which were inhabited from the Neolithic to the La Tène period. In other burial mounds from the Hallstatt period, the remains of two Celtic villages, traces of the Roman period, including from the trade route Vy d' Etra, and a Burgundian burial ground were found.
The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1278 under the name Baudri, which is probably due to the Burgundian people named Bude Rich. Boudry and later abandoned hamlet Pontareuse at the Areusebrücke belonged first to the Lords of Vaumarcus, came in 1282 to the Lords of Stäffis and 1313 to the Counts of Neuchatel. The castle was the seat of the castle Bailiwick Boudry. In the period following the rule Boudry often served the daughters and women of the house as a pledge of Neuchâtel fief. On September 12, 1343 the city received city rights, but with more limited rights than the city of Neuchâtel. From 1394 to 1413 Boudry belonged again to the Lords of Vaumarcus, then stood the castle bailiff until 1848 under the suzerainty of Neuchâtel. Since 1648 Neuchâtel principality and 1707 was linked by personal union with the Kingdom of Prussia. 1806, the region was ceded to Napoleon I. and came in 1815 during the Congress of Vienna to the Swiss Confederation, the kings of Prussia until 1857 Neuchâtel trade also prince of Neuchâtel remained. 1848 after the dissolution of the castle Bailiwick Boudry was the district capital. In 1870 the settlement Areuse which previously formed an independent community, incorporated by Boudry.
Attractions
The slightly higher lying on a spur in Areusetal town with a longitudinal lane has in picturesque medieval townscape with houses from the 16th and 19th centuries. Of the former fortifications today only the tour Marfaux of 1548 and the Porte des Vermondins are (1741 rebuilt with old building materials ) were obtained. The oldest preserved parts of the west of the market town situated castle ( mentioned in 1278 ) date from the 14th century. Later, there were multiple renovations and additions, and the last time in 1955-57 a comprehensive renovation. The castle now houses a wine-growing and wine museum. The Reformed Church was built in 1645-47, the facade dates from the 19th century. Before the Church of the Fountain of Justice ( Fontaine de la Justice ) stands with a statue of 1610. Built in 1883 Musée de l' Areuse is a witness to the museum design to its founding time, it has hardly changed since then and mainly shows objects of archeology and ethnography. Since 1997, the museum is placed under the cantonal conservation. The Château de Pierre, and Tour de la Baconnière called, was built in the 19th century. Above Boudry the Areusetal is spanned by the elfbogigen railway bridge (1859 ). A special natural attraction is the Gorges de l'Areuse, which is accessible by a hiking trail. Nearby there is the cave Baume du Four. The Pierre du Mont de Boudry (also called " Bole " ) is a huge erratic block, which is like a big rays in the forest of Boudry ( near the railway station of Bôle ) on forest road.
Partnership
Boudry is a partnership with the French community Voujeaucourt in Franche -Comté since 1973
Personalities
- Arnold Bovet (1843-1903), Free Church minister and pioneer of the Blue Cross
- Jean -Paul Marat (1743-1793), physician, publisher and journalist, radical revolutionaries during the French Revolution
- Léon Savary (1895-1968), Swiss writer and journalist
- Philippe Suchard (1797-1884), Swiss chocolate manufacturers and entrepreneurs