Brezno (Podvelka)

Brezno (formerly also Brezovo or Brezjo, German Fresen ) is a village in the valley of the Drava river in the north of Slovenia.

Geography

Brezno belongs to the municipality Podvelka ( Podwölling ). It is 309 meters above sea level on the northern ( left ) bank of the Drava and 2002 had 472 inhabitants. The Drava forms in this area lying east of the reservoir of the hydroelectric power plant Ožbalt Brezno.

The zip code of the place is 2363rd For statistics the place to Koroška is counted.

The name " Fresen " is attributed to the Slavic words * brěz'na, brěz'nik for birches, Birkenau, birch grove, birch forest.

History

The area of Brezno / Fresen is located in Drauwald, the border area between the historic Lower Carinthia ( Karantanija Duchy of Carinthia, County Jauntal ) and the Mark of the Drava ( "Mark behind the Drauwald ", seen from Carinthia ). The Drauwald was part of the Marcha orientalis, the gray zone between the territories of the Ostfrankenreiches and the Holy Roman Empire in Carinthia and the areas of the Avars and Magyars / Hungarians in the Great Hungarian Plain and their outskirts. As a border line in Drauwald the running waters of the Velka ( Wölka ) is - Drava Črmenica (. Tschermenitzen Trench at Ožbalt / St Oswald Drauwalde east from Brezno ) accepted. The Mark on the Drava was connected by 1147 to Mark an der Mur, so it belongs to the core region of Styria in the Middle Ages.

Brezno belonged from the 13th century through an available Bernhard of clamping home to the basic rule of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Paul. The Church of Brezno is first mentioned in the late 12th century documented. The connection with the Benedictine monastery is occupied by the motto Ora et labora at the entrance to the churchyard grid of Brezno in the 21st century. There are in the area, in the southern Styria, several places with the name part " Fresen ," said Swan at the mountain or in the community Wielfresen that can lead to confusion in older documents. After the district classification of Styria in 1462 Brezno belonged to the " district between Mur and Traa " ( Drava ). In the 15th and 16th centuries Brezno was in the area of the District Courts Mahrenberg and Remschnig. In the 18th and 19th century, the area was in the Marburg district.

The town was the seat of the parish of "Our Frawen zw Fresen ." Their spiritual liege lord ( saint, patron ) and secular Vogt was the abbot of St. Paul, he had the residents to provide services and fees (including support for military equipment in the wars against the Turks ). 1528, the parish was served by a priest and a common priest. Confirmator (Firm donor ) was the Bishop of Lavant, to whose diocese the area belonged. According to the protocol of the princely visitation in 1528, which was held for the parish Fresen on June 23, 1528 Windischgraz gave the visitation except noting the lighting of the Eternal Light was " a few weeks " long not done, and therefore ( " zwifacht " ) catch up as well as that of the victims " of the drittail remain pharrer " should, no further endorsements. The number of persons who had received the communion, could not be given due to the illness of the pastor. The following visitation 1544/45 noted that parish "Our women Fresn bey the Traa " then about 100 people had who went to Communion. The presentation of priests from the diocese of Aquileia for the parishes Fresen and Remschnigg on March 3, 1596 by the abbot of St. Paul and their confirmation by Bishop George Stobaeus Palm castle is a testament to the relationships of the Diocese of Lavant with the Patriarchate of Aquileia. On February 4, 1666 presentation of a Benedictine monk is documented.

From 1770, in the first person and houses collection in Austria, houses and people from Fresen are recorded in a separate Numerierungsabschnitt. Together with the other Numerierungsabschnitten in Mahrenberg and Remschnig then owned the territory of Fresen first to Werbbezirk Faal ( Slow Fala ), from 1789 Werbbezirk Mahrenberg in the Marburg district. The area around Ožbalt including Kapla na Kozjaku ( upper and lower Kappel ) was dissolved in 1789 from the parish Fresen. Kappel came to the parish Remschnig ( Werbbezirk Arnfels in Southern Styria ). Was Ožbalt independent parish.

Until 1818/19 was the "comb", a rock in the river Drava at Fresen, an obstacle to the Drauschiffahrt. He was then disposed of together with other obstacles.

Following the reorganization of Local 1850 Fresen was merged with the formerly independent communities Jaunegg and St. Oswald to the new community Fresen. The new church belonged to the parish of the district court and tax office Mahrenberg in the District Commission Windisch Gratz. Fresen had at that time 282, 229, and St. Oswald Jaunegg 246, the entire new community thus 757 inhabitants (souls). She remained vicarage. The new Fresen comprised 3905 yoke 1402 square fathoms ( = 2,250 acres ), it was about 10 hours from the seat of the district administration and the 3 hours from the office of the District Court away ( on foot or oxcart ).

Infrastructure

The Slovenian main road 1 " Mariborska cesta " ( Marburger Straße ) results in the area of ​​Brezno through the narrow, limited by steep slopes Drau Valley. In Brezno branch roads to the north, in the valley of the creek Remšniški ( Remschnikbach ), the Bresniški Potok ( Frese Bach ) and the Potočnikov from creek. These compounds lead to Sv. Juri (St. Georgen ) and to Sv. Pankrac / St. Pongratzen on the border with Austria, then in the communities Oberhaag and Großradl in southern Styria. These compounds are not passable by passenger cars, they are availed by hiking, mountain biking or cycling routes such as the "Austria - Slovenija Tour". South of Brezno a road branches off to the area of ​​Pohorje (Bachem ), which leads over Ribnica na Pohorju ( Reifnig at Bachem ) to Konjice ( Gonobitz ) or Slovenj Gradec ( Windischgraz ).

Brezno is located on the bus route Maribor ↔ Radlje whether Dravi and at the railway Maribor Dravograd lead castle -Klagenfurt ( Drau Valley Railway, a former route of the Southern Railway Company ). The railway station is named after the community Podvelka, in old maps it is registered as Reifnig - Fresen, according to the site Ribnica na Pohorju south of Brezno in the Pohorje. About ten buses and five trains daily connect Brezno with Maribor. The train journey for the 35 km route takes approximately 55 minutes, after Prevalje and Holmec on ​​the border with Austria ( Austrian next station lead castle ) are required by the passenger train for 40 km about 1 hour.

Parish Church

The church of " St. Mary in the Fresen " is first mentioned in the period 1161-1184. Its basis is a building from the Romanesque and Early Gothic, the tower was added in 1671. The interior is from the Baroque period. The church is entered in the Slovenian Cultural Heritage Register under No. 2909.

• Brezno and surroundings

Southeast of Brezno at the Draubiegung

Brezno Drau

Station Podvelka ( Reifnig - Fresen ): opened in 1863

Church of St. Mary in the Fresen

Ora et labora of the Benedictines at the entrance to the cemetery

Apse of the Gothic

From Brezno westwards

Church complex from the east

West entrance of Brezno

Old grave stones in the wall of the nave of the church

Cemetery Brezno

Fresen and its neighboring communities in the cadastral 1825

Settlement, road and farmland in the south Fresens 1825

Drau Valley from the bridge to the east

Fresen Drau Valley in about 1877 /78 ( right), receiving sheet of the land survey

The eastern part of the municipality Fresen ( Jaunegg and St Oswald ) in 1879 ( left)

Municipality in the special map ( right), Booth 1926

The East of Fresen (far left )