Broughtonia
Broughtonia sanguinea
The genus Broughtonia the orchid family (Orchidaceae) comprises six plant species that occur at different Caribbean islands. The small, perennial plants grow as epiphytes. They are occasionally cultivated, and especially with Broughtonia sanguinea numerous hybrids have been bred.
Description
All species of this genus are evergreen, perennial herbaceous plants. From a rhizome to the roots, which are surrounded by a four to six cell layers thick velamen. The pseudobulbs are close together on the rhizome, they consist of several internodes. Pseudobulbs and rhizomes are surrounded by dry -down leaves. The leaves - depending on one or two are present per pseudobulb - are oval to lanceolate, leathery to fleshy serrated and rough in some species at the edge. The terminal inflorescence rises above the leaves clearly he wears at the end of five to 20 resupinierte flowers in a cluster or little branched panicle. The color is generally pink, the lip wearing a yellow stain. The sepals are lanceolate, the petals much broader and slightly curled at the edges. All petals are free. The lip is unlobed or obscurely three-lobed, curled at the base upwards to the column, otherwise spread out flat. The edge of the lip is curled and crinkled, the tip sometimes confiscated. From the bottom of the lip to the middle extends a yellow spot and a yellow-colored, gekielter callus. At the base of the lip turns into a tubular or saccular nectary, which is visible from the outside as either bulge or may be completely fused with the ovary. The column is widened laterally at its end, also provided in some species at the base with two humps. There are four equal or unequal size eight pollinia present.
The chromosome number is 2n = 40
Dissemination
The species colonize several Caribbean islands, Cuba, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Mona Iceland and Puerto Rico. They grow there epiphytic in dry forests, thorn bushes and cacti companies, sometimes on moister sites. The sites are usually in full sun.
Systematics and Botanical History
The genus Broughtonia is classified in the subtribes Laeliinae. Are closely related to the genera Psychilis, Quisqueya and Tetra Micra. Although Broughtonia comprises only six species, they are divided by some authors to three genera. Each of these three genera is monophyletic for themselves and settled a geographically definable area, the union of all three genera however.
Robert Brown presented the 1813 Broughtonia genus, named after Arthur Broughton on. Type species is Broughtonia sanguinea. This had already been described by Olof Peter Swartz sanguineum as Epidendrum. The genus Laeliopsis was erected in 1853 by Lindley, and also Cattleyopsis 1853 by Lemaire. All six species have been one or more times back and forth between these three genera.
Species
- Broughtonia cubensis ( Lindl. ) Cogn. , Cuba
- Broughtonia domingensis ( Lindl. ) Rolfe, Hispaniola, Mona Iceland, Puerto Rico
- Broughtonia lindenii ( Lindl. ) Dressler, Cuba and Bahamas
- Broughtonia negrilensis Fowlie, Jamaica
- Broughtonia ortgesiana ( Rchb.f. ) Dressler, Cuba
- Broughtonia sanguinea ( Sw. ) R.Br., Jamaica
Between Broughtonia negrilensis and Broughtonia sanguinea the natural hybrid Broughtonia × jamaicense Sauleda & RMAdams occurs. Similarly, there are hybrids between Broughtonia domingensis and Psychilis olivacea.
Culture
Both species are found in culture as well as numerous hybrids with related genera. Especially Broughtonia sanguinea was used for breeding purposes. The Broughtonia types inherit a number of desirable properties such as intense flower color and flat, round flowers. You need lots of light and heat in culture and are sensitive when they do not dry quickly after watering.
Documents
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase: Genera Orchidacearum. Vol 4/1: Epidendroidae ( Part one ). Oxford University Press, 2005. Pp. 210-213. ISBN 0-19-850712-7
- Withner, C. L. (1996 ): The Cattleyas and Their relatives. Volume IV The Bahamian and Caribbean Species. Timber Press, Portland. ISBN 0-88192-344-3. P.15 -29, 81-84.