Laeliinae

Laelia albida

In the subtribe Laeliinae a group of 40 genera of the orchid family (Orchidaceae) is summarized. They are found only in tropical America and are there with about 2000 species an important part of the orchid flora. Most species grow as epiphytes and are adjusted with leathery leaves and pseudobulbs as storage organs to periodic droughts. In this subtribe are some of the most commonly cultivated orchids with large, colorful flowers, such as from the genera Cattleya, Laelia or Sophronitis.

Description

This collection of species are perennial, mostly evergreen plants that live epiphytic or rarely terrestrial. The individual rung standing along a rhizome and have limited growth. The shoot is either elongated and reminiscent of a bamboo stalk or is thickened into pseudobulbs, these usually consist of several internodes. The roots are surrounded by a velamen. The leaves are distichous or terminally on the shoot, they are folded in the bud along the midrib and ordinarily separating tissue at the base. The inflorescence is often terminally to the rungs, number, size and shape of the flowers are very variable. The column is often winged, the stamen is at its end and is often bent down towards the column axis. The number of pollinia is often eight, twelve in some species, in others they are reduced to four or two. The pollinia have a characteristic, laterally compressed shape. They are clearly of stalks that are produced from anther tissue, held together ( Caudiculae ) and may be associated with a viscid ( Viscidium ). The scar consists of only one surface.

The chromosome number is 2n = 40 usually, downward deviations (2n = 24, 2n = 38) or above (2n = 42, 2n = 56 ) are possible.

Dissemination

The Laeliinae are distributed exclusively in tropical America, from Mexico and the southern tip of Florida in the north to Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina to the south.

System

Earlier systematic concepts are mostly based on the number of pollinia: the genus boundaries were drawn so that a uniform number occurred within each genus. Other morphological features that were used for the delineation, were the degree of intergrowth of lip and column, and the presence of a pillar base.

Recent studies have not only changed the phylogenetic grouping of the genera, but also shifted the boundary of the genera in some cases.

The genera Dilomilis and Neocogniauxia are more closely related to the Pleurothallidinae and no longer to be found in the subtribe Laeliinae. Ponera, Helleriella and Isochilus are also no longer made ​​here and form the subtribe Ponerinae. The genus Meiracyllium however, was moved from its own subtribe Meiracylliinae back to the Laeliinae, as well Arpophyllum ( Arpophylliinae ). To this extent, the subtribe Laeliinae is monophyletic. Sister group are the Pleurothallidinae, the more relationship is summarized in the Neotropical tribe Epidendreae.

The following genera are counted among the Laeliinae:

  • Acrorchis Dressler, a kind of
  • Adamantinia Van den Berg & C.N.Gonç. , A kind of
  • Alamania La Llave & Lex, a kind of
  • Arpophyllum La Llave & Lex, four types
  • Artorima Dressler & G.E.Pollard, a kind of
  • Syn Cattleyopsis Lem. , Laeliopsis Lindl.
  • Syn Maelenia Dum.
  • Syn Schluckebieria Braem
  • Syn Hartwegia Lindl., Nageliella L.O.Williams
  • Syn Amblostoma Scheidw. , Amblystoma Kuntze, Amphiglottis Salisb. , Amphiglottium ( Salisb. ) Lindl. ex stone, Auliza Salisb. , Auliza Salisb. ex Small, Aulizeum Lindl. ex stone, Coilostylis Raf., Didothion Raf., Diothonea Lindl., Epidanthus LOWilliams, Epidendropsis Garay & Dunst. , Gastro podium Lindl., Hemiscleria Lindl., Kalopternix Garay & Dunst. , Lanium ( Lindl. ) Benth., Larnandra Raf., Minicolumna Brieger, Nanodes Lindl., Neohlemannia Kraenzl. , Neowilliamsia Garay, Nyctosma Raf., Oerstedella Rchb.f., Physinga Lindl., Pleuranthium ( Rchb.f. ) Benth., Pseudepidendrum Rchb.f., Psilanthemum Klotszch ex stone, Seraphyta fish. & C.A.Mey. , Spathiger Small, Spathium Lindl. ex stone, Stenoglossum Kunth, Tritelandra Raf.
  • Syn Pinelia Lindl., Pinelianthe Rauschert
  • Syn Neolauchea Kraenzl. , Sophronitella Schltr.
  • Syn Dressleriella Brieger, Briegeria Senghas
  • Syn Amalia Lindl., Amalia Hofmsgg. , Schomburgkia Lindl.
  • Syn Epithecium Knowles & Westc. , Hormidium Heynh. , Anacheilium Hoffmgg. , Euchile ( Dressler & GEPollard ) Withner, Pseudencyclia Chiron & VPCastro. , Panarica Withner & PAHarding, Pollardia Withner & PAHarding
  • Syn Renata Ruschi
  • Syn Hexisea Lindl., Cladobium Lindl., Hexadesmia Brongn. , Tetragamestus Rchb.f., Reichenbachanthus Barb.Rodr. , Fractiungis Schltr. , Leaoa Schltr. & Porto, Pachystele Schltr. , Costaricaea Schltr. , Ramonia Schltr. , Platyglottis LOWilliams
  • Syn Sophronia Lindl., Lophoglottis Raf., Hoffmannseggella HGJones, Hadrolaelia ( Schltr. ) Chiron & VPCastro, Dungsia Chiron & VPCastro, Microlaelia ( Schltr. ) Chiron & VPCastro, Chironiella Braem, Brasilaelia Campacci

Documents

  • Cássio van den Berg et al (2000): A phylogenetic analysis of Laeliinae (Orchidaceae) based on sequence data from internal transcribed spacers (ITS ) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Lindleyana 15 (2): 96-114. (PDF)
  • Cássio van den Berg et al (2005): An overview of the phylogenetic relationships within Epidendreae inferred from multiple DNA regions and recircumsription of Epidendreae and Arethuseae ( Orchidaceae). American Journal of Botany 92 (4): 613-624. (PDF)
  • Cássio van den Berg, Mark W. Chase ( 2004): A reappraisal of Laeliinae: Taxonomic history, phylogeny and new generic alliances. Orchid Digest 4:2004 221-225 (PDF)
  • Robert L. Dressler (1993 ): Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. 192 pp. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-45058-6
Epidendroideae George Bentham Perennial plant Stigma (botany) Barkeria Brassavola Broughtonia Caularthron Constantia (orchid) Guarianthe Leptotes (orchid) Quisqueya (orchid) Rhyncholaelia
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