Calytrix

Calytrix tetragona

Calytrix is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family ( Myrtaceae ). All about 79 species are native only in Australia, there are several types of "Star Flowers" or " Fringe myrtles " called.

Description

Appearance and leaves

Calytrix species grow as evergreen shrubs that reach heights of growth of 0.1 to 3 meters. They contain essential oils. The aboveground plant parts are hairy or bald. The buds may have bud scales.

The usually alternate, rarely opposite or whorled (see also Calytrix epithet verticillata ) arranged on the branches leaves are petiolate or sessile. The herbaceous or leathery, simple, tiny and relatively small leaf blades are dotted with glandular and smell aromatic. If stipules are present, they are very small.

Inflorescences, flowers and pollination

The reduced inflorescences contain only one flower on an inflorescence stem in the leaf axils. Each flower is about a pair of durable or perishable quickly cover sheets that can be fused with each other.

The relatively small to medium sized, hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and usually fünfzählig double perianth. The free flower cup ( hypanthium ) is tubular and usually long, it can be fused with the stylus. The five durable, free or fused sepals are spread and emarginate at the upper end or mostly long spitzzulaufend or awned. In Calytrix ecalycata (see also specific epithet ) are no sepals present. The best five free, short spiked petals are entire, elliptic, ovate or oblong. The petals generally encase the lower portion of the punch. In Calytrix ecalycata only four petals are available. The colors of the petals are are white to yellow, pink to purple. The stamens are usually straight or rarely curved each few in the bud inside. The most numerous ( 6-150 ) same stamens are arranged in one or more circles and develop centripetally. The thread-like stamens are inserted on the edge of the flower cup among themselves freely and not adherent to the petals. The look-alike dust bag open with longitudinal slots and extend beyond the petals. It is a discus available. Two carpels are fused into one under constant, unilocular ovary. In more or less basal placentation two anatrope ovules are usually arranged. Only Calytrix praecipua are three or four ovules and a trace of a septum present. The durable, sleek style ends in a mostly small scar.

Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ) or birds ( Ornithophilie ).

Fruit and seeds

The dry indehiscent fruits are single-seeded nut fruits. The flower cups and then dark red to purple calyx enveloping the fruit. The seeds have a membranous seed coat ( testa), and include a straight, more or less narrow inverted - egg-shaped embryo with two cotyledons short ( cotyledons ) which are at the upper end of the thickened planokonvex hypocotyl; there is no endosperm present.

Chromosome number

The basic chromosome number is n = 11 In many species, diploidy is and in some tetraploid ago, so 2n = 22 or 44

Distribution and threat

The genus Calytrix is widespread with about 79 species in Australia; Species occur in all federal states, including Tasmania.

As a " Endangered " = " endangered " rated Swamp Starflower ( Calytrix breviseta subsp. Breviseta ) and as " Vulnerable " = Calytrix gurulmundensis is classified as " endangered".

System

The genus Calytrix was erected in 1806 by Jacques Julien de Houtou Labillardiere in Novae Plantarum Specimen Hollandiae, Volume 2, page 8, Table 146. Type species is Calytrix tetragona. The genus name is derived Calytrix from the Greek words for kalyx chalice and thrix for hair from, this refers to the long pointed sepal ends of the first known type Calytrix tetragona. The last revision of the genus Calytrix taken in 1987 by Lyn A. Craven in A taxonomic revision of Calytrix Labill. ( Myrtaceae ), In: Brunonia, Volume 10, pp. 1-138.

Synonyms for Calytrix Labill. are: Calycothrix Meisn, Calythrix Labill. . orth var, Calythropsis CAGardner, Lhotskya showers, Trichocalyx showers.

The genus belongs to the tribe Calytrix Chamelaucieae in the subfamily Myrtoideae within the family of Myrtaceae.

There are about 79 species Calytrix:

Calytrix Achaeta ( F.Muell. ) Benth.
Calytrix acutifolia ( Lindl. ) Craven
Calytrix alpestris ( Lindl. ) Court
Calytrix amethystina Craven
Calytrix angulata Lindl.
Calytrix arborescens ( F.Muell. ) Benth.
Calytrix asperula ( Schauer) Benth.
Calytrix aurea Lindl.
Calytrix birdii ( F.Muell. ) B.D.Jacks.
Calytrix brachychaeta ( F.Muell. ) Benth.
Calytrix brevifolia ( Meisn. ) Benth.
Calytrix breviseta Lindl.
Calytrix brownii ( Schauer) Craven
Calytrix carinata Craven
Calytrix chrysantha Craven
Calytrix creswellii ( F.Muell. ) B.D.Jacks.
Calytrix decandra DC.
Calytrix decussata Craven
Calytrix depressa ( Turcz. ) Benth.
Calytrix desolata S.Moore
Calytrix divergens Craven
Calytrix drummondii ( Meisn. ) Craven
Calytrix duplistipulata Craven
Calytrix ecalycata Craven
Calytrix eneabbensis Craven
Calytrix erosipetala Craven
Calytrix exstipulata DC.
Calytrix faucicola Craven
Calytrix flavescens A.Cunn.
Calytrix formosa Craven
Calytrix fraseri A.Cunn.
Calytrix glaberrima ( F.Muell. ) Craven
Calytrix glutinosa Lindl.
Calytrix gomphrenoides M.D.Barrett & Craven
Calytrix gracilis Benth.
Calytrix gurulmundensis Craven: It occurs only south-east Queensland and is of Gurulmundi, Guluguba and Barakula northwest of Toowomba known. She is described as " Vulnerable " = 'vulnerable '.
Calytrix gypsophila Craven
Calytrix harvestiana ( F.Muell. ) Craven
Calytrix inopinata Craven
Calytrix involucrata J.M.Black
Calytrix islensis Craven
Calytrix leptophylla Benth.
Calytrix leschenaultii ( Schauer) Benth.
Calytrix longiflora ( F.Muell. ) Benth.
Calytrix megaphylla ( F.Muell. ) Benth.
Calytrix micrairoides Craven
Calytrix microcoma Craven
Calytrix mimiana Craven
Calytrix nematoclada Craven
Calytrix oldfieldii Benth.
Calytrix oncophylla Craven
Calytrix parvivallis Craven
Calytrix paucicostata Craven
Calytrix pimeleoides C.A.Gardner ex Keighery
Calytrix platycheiridia Craven
Calytrix plumulosa ( F.Muell. ) B.D.Jacks.
Calytrix praecipua Craven
Calytrix pulchella ( Turcz. ) B.D.Jacks.
Calytrix purpurea ( F.Muell. ) Craven
Calytrix rupestris Craven
Calytrix sapphirina Lindl.
Calytrix similis Craven
Calytrix simplex Lindl.
Calytrix smeatoniana ( F.Muell. ) Craven
Calytrix strigosa A.Cunn.
Calytrix superba C.A.Gardner & A.S.George
Calytrix surdiviperana Craven
Calytrix sylvana Craven
Calytrix tenuiramea ( Turcz. ) Benth.
Calytrix tetragona Labill. ( Syn: Calytrix glabra R.Br., Calytrix scabra DC, Calytrix ericoides A.Cunn, Calytrix brunioides A.Cunn, Calytrix pubescens G.Don, Calytrix sullivanii ( F.Muell ) BDJacks. .. .. )
Calytrix truncatifolia Craven
Calytrix uncinata Craven
Calytrix variabilis Lindl.
Calytrix verruculosa Craven
Calytrix verticillata Craven
Calytrix violacea ( Lindl. ) Craven
Calytrix warburtonensis Craven

Use

Calytrix tetragona is used for their attractive flowers and fruits as an ornamental plant.

Swell

Lyn A. Craven: A taxonomic revision of Calytrix Labill. ( Myrtaceae ), In: Brunonia, Volume 10, 1987, p 1-138. doi: 10.1071/BRU9870001

Ovary (botany) testa (botany) Cereal germ Digital Object Identifier Agricultural Research Service

259142