Capsicum chacoense
Capsicum chacoense is a species of the genus capsicum (Capsicum ) in the nightshade family (Solanaceae ). The species occurs in southern Bolivia, in Paraguay and northern and central Argentina.
Description
Capsicum chacoense is a 0.4 to 0.8 m tall, from the base of highly branched shrub. Leaves, young twigs, flower stems and parts of the exterior of the cup are sparsely hairy with multicellular, whitish, discernible only upon closer inspection trichomes. The protruding branches are angular and have at the base a diameter of 0.7 cm, the upper branches are only 0.15 cm thick. The leaves are individually, the leaf blade is ovate - acuminate, 2.5 to 5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide. The base is slightly decurrent on the petiole.
The flowers appear singly on 5 to 10 mm long, grooved and slightly curved at the tip of flower stems. The cup has a length of 1.2 to 1.6 mm and has ten wires that terminate in calyx teeth. Five of the calyx teeth are larger and 0.5 to 1.5 mm long and thus extend almost to the end of the corolla tube. The remaining five calyx teeth are between the larger and are barely visible or to 0.5 mm long. White, not shown crown is 4 to 5 mm long. The Kronlappen are hood -shaped, are 1.6 to 2.4 mm long and 1.7 to 2.3 mm wide, they are long or about as wide as long, the tip and the edge is covered with fine hair. The corolla tube as long as or slightly longer than the corolla lobes.
The stamens are fused together near the base and form a ring. On the edge of this ring is on both sides of each of the yarn per one tooth-like dust attachment. The stamens are about 0.3 mm long. The anthers are yellowish, 1.2 to 1.5 mm long, after 2 /3 to 3 /4 of the length they reach the edge of the corolla tube. The ovary is greenish, pressed and 1.5 to 2 mm long, and 1.2 to 1.6 mm wide. The stylus has a length of about 2.6 mm. The often over the crown that protrudes scar is thickened.
The fruits are elongated berries that are slightly tapered, but always have a blunt tip. They reach a length of 8 to 14 mm and having a base width of 5 to 7 mm. Most fruits are sharp, but is reported by some collections that the fruits have no sharpness. The flower stems have increased in the fruit on a length of 14 to 18 mm. The fruits contain yellowish seeds.
Occurrence
The species occurs in southern Bolivia, in Paraguay and northern and central Argentina.
System
Within the genus Capsicum, the type belongs to the group having a chromosome number of 2n = 24 Investigations of the karyotype place close to the kind Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum chinense and Capsicum galapagoense. These types resemble each other by plain white or cream-colored, star-shaped corolla and yellowish seeds, and often red colored fruit. However, molecular genetic studies of chloroplast DNA place the kind of close to the species Capsicum campylopodium from the " 2n = 26 " group. Both suggesting a fairly basal position of the species within the genus.