Chapel of St. Roch, Bingen
The St. Roch Chapel is a pilgrimage church on the Rhine is southeast of Bingen on the Rochusberg. She is since 2002 a UNESCO World Heritage Upper Middle Rhine Valley.
History
A first Kapellenbau was built during the Crusades by returning Crusaders. In 1417 the Archbishop of Mainz, Johann II of Nassau united associated with the Bethlehem chapel foundations with the Basilica of St. Martin ( Bingen ), which was completely depleted by a large fire. The chapel fell into disrepair and then fell into oblivion.
The first Rochus chapel was built after the plague year of 1666.
" ... That the entire city done allda a vote in honorem S. Rochi to build a chapel on the Hesselingen. Every year on the day of St.. Rochus a procession to lead there and to celebrate half a day. "
In 1795 it was destroyed during the French occupation of the Rhine Valley by bombardment by German and Austrian troops and exploited by them occupying French. The second building was erected in 1814 after a previous typhoid epidemic which had been triggered by returning soldiers. The Brotherhood Rochus bought for this build the entire interior of the repealed Eibingen monastery. In that year also retrieved by Bishop Joseph Ludwig Colmar from the Eibingen relics of St. Rupert of Bingen and his mother St. Berta von Bingen was transferred to the chapel also in the chapel, where they rest today.
The Rochusfest that year was described by Goethe. Beginning of 1816 was Goethe with Louise Seidler an altarpiece of the " St. Roch " in order that should be made to the design of Johann Heinrich Meyer, and he donated the Rochus chapel in Bingen, which he in " On the Rhine, Main and Neckar " 1814 had described alive. Goethe wrote:
"A picture of St. Roch, which is not half bad, but possibly even of the type that it can do wonders, hopefully come to Bingen to build on the great day the believers. It was created whimsical. The sketch is of me that Carton of HOFR. Meyer and a tender love Künstlerinn has executed it. They are difficult to steal it the mountains Rochus in your collection. It sey but effective in its place and so it is right and good. "
1889 lightning struck the roof turret, and the chapel burned to the masonry from.
The present building was built to plans by the Freiburg cathedral architect Max Meckel 1893-1895 in neo-Gothic style and was built with the participation of Steinmetz company Zeidler & Wimmel (Berlin). Even today, the eight-day " Rochusoktav " is celebrated on the last two weekends of August, accompanied by the already quoted hard.
Amenities in Rochuskapelle include pieces from the 15th to the 19th century. The baroque Rochus statue above the high altar is the only part that has been rescued from the ruined building.
Since the chapel also has an outdoor choir, the organ is ( without a prospectus ) in a chamber over the south aisle. So can be opened Abschallklappen either a church building or outdoor chorus. The organ was built by the company as Schlimbach & Son, Würzburg and has 19 stops on two manuals and pedal.
- Couplers: II / I, I / P, II / P
- Accessories: Fixed combinations (pp, f, tutti )
In the upstream slope is the small Bethlehem Chapel of the same year; reminds them of the chapel which stood here in the time of the Crusades ( the Rochusberg then called Hesselnberg ), and that was about 1417 is the Martin pin. The located on the wide terrace in front of Rochuskapelle polygonal broken sandstone building is the cave light.
The Rochuskapelle as Sanctuary
Rheinhessen was as described above repeatedly threatened by plague and other epidemics. Thus were formed out of gratitude of the surviving population pilgrimages out:
- Jacob Berg in Ockenheim: The Fourteen Holy Helpers - pilgrimage. Main pilgrimage: July 24 ( Christopher ) and 13 July ( St. Margaret ), on the Sunday, which is the feast day on next.
- Laurenziberg in Gau- Algesheim: Laurenziwallfahrt are held on Sundays before or after the feast of St. Lawrence (August 10 )
- Rochus near Bingen: Rochus pilgrimage, on Sunday after the feast of St. Roch (August 16 ) in accordance with diocesan calendar of the diocese of Mainz.