Chełmża
Chełmża [ xɛwmʒa ] ( German until 1940 Culmsee, Kulmsee 1940-45 ) is a town in Poland in the Kujawsko - Pomerania.
History
In the 13th century there was a first fortification in the area of today's Chełmża. 1222 under Bishop Christian of Prussia Kulmsee was first mentioned, the name of the place was at the time Loza. Since 1243 in the possession of the bishops of Kulm, the place obtained Culmsee 1251 the municipal law of Heidenreich, Bishop of Kulm and became the seat of a separate diocese. On July 22, 1251 Bishop Heidenreich founded the church (cathedral ) which was built in 1254. The mystic Jutta von Hausen Sanger founded in 1256, the St. George's Hospital. A town fire destroyed Kulmsee 1286 completely.
1625 founded the Franciscans ( OFM) a monastery. In the 18th century the city Kulmsee lived by farming and the brewery. The importance increased in 1781 with the transfer of the seat of the Bishop of Chelmno Lobau after Kulmsee than 1824 Pelplin a bishopric was Kulmsee sank into insignificance.
When in 1881 a sugar factory was built, this coined soon life in the city. 1904 burned down the factory and was rebuilt Europe's biggest sugar factory. In 1882 the city with a connection to the railway. The population grew rapidly, a new suburb, the factory class was created. From the farming community town Kulmsee a city had become, in the factory workers put the majority of the population.
By 1920, the town belonged to the Prussian district Thorn, since she belongs to Poland.
Population
Attractions
- Gothic Trinity Church with its baroque tower
- St. Nicholas Church on 1251
Community
The rural community Chełmża to which the city Chełmża not heard, has an area of 178.72 km ² in which 9733 people ( 30 June 2013 ). It includes the following localities:
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Lothar Treuge (1877-1920), poet
- Kurt Vespermann (1887-1957), actor
Other personalities who are associated with the city
- Jutta von Hausen Sanger (1200-1260), benefactress, Saints