Cinnamon-bellied Flowerpiercer

Zimtbauch - hooked beak

The Zimtbauch - hooked beak ( Diglossa baritula ) is a species of bird in the family of tanagers ( Thraupidae ). The species is found in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. An animal in Nicaragua was discovered which is possibly acted only by a stray bird on April 22, first time in 1983. The stock is assessed by the IUCN as endangered not (Least Concern ).

Features

The Zimtbauch - hooked beak reaches a body length of about 10.5 to 12 inches. The upper mandible has a hook- shaped bent down tip. The black narrow beak is slightly curved and pale pink at the base. Legs are dark pink. The head and the top of the male is adorned with a slate -colored blue-gray, with the shade at the head is slightly darker. The chin and the upper area of ​​the throat is blue-gray. The underside is cinnamon. The female is in contrast to the male on the top and head grayish olive. The wings and tail are darker with paler wing-bars. The throat, breast and flanks are cinnamon colored ashen with the breast has blurred dark stripes. The belly is cinnamon.

Young birds resemble the adult animals, but the head and the top of the female offspring are brownish olive to olive, the wings and tail are dark. Wing-bars and shield springs are lined with bright cinnamon. The lemon- colored throat and chest acts dirty with the breast has also blurred dark stripes. The belly and under tail-coverts are yellowish brown. The dark edges appear washed out.

Behavior

Normally you can see Mono hook beaks alone or in groups with some birds. Among the plants they fly on dietary intake, including morning glories, lobelia and that belongs to the black mouth plants Leandra. They are extremely busy and constantly fluttering around. When they sing, they can be observed in virtually all strata. Their nests they build in low-lying bushes to a thick cup, which consists mainly of moss, pine needles and rootlets. In this they lay two to three pale blue eggs with brown and gray speckles or spots.

Distribution and habitat

The birds come in semi-open areas overgrown with herbs before with moist to semi-arid covered by swamp oak and evergreen forests as well as in flower gardens. Here they move at altitudes 1200-3500 meters.

Cladistics

The species is divided into the following types:

• Diglossa baritula baritula Wagler, 1832 nominate Comes in the high plains of Mexico in the states of Jalisco, Guanajuato, Hidalgo and Veracruz südlichbis to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec before.
• Diglossa baritula montana Dearborn, 1907 Comes in the higher elevations of southern Mexico in the state of Chiapas in Guatemala, with the exception of the Sierra de las Minas to El Salvador before. The Contrary to nominate the entire throat blue-gray and the underside is slightly darker.
• Diglossa baritula parva Griscom, 1932 Is in the high plains in eastern Guatemala in the Sierra de las Minas to Honduras, among others spread into the Francisco Morazán department. The subspecies has a darker head and the cinnamon-colored the underside looks intense. The beak, wings and tail are slightly shorter.

There used to be in the science of the opinion that the occurring in Costa Rica and Panama monochrome hooked beak ( Diglossa plumbea ) is another subspecies. Mitochondrial DNA studies show that they form together with monochrome hooked beak and Ferruginous hooked beak ( Diglossa sittoides ) a sister group. Even earlier allopatric studies came to the same conclusion that D. baritula, D. and D. plumbae sttoides form a superspecies.

Etymology

The genus name is from the Greek dis, di - ( = two ) and derived glossa ( tongue = ) and refers to the typical U - shaped tongue of this genus. The word " baritula " derives from the Greek word " baritēs ( βαρίτης G) ," a small unknown bird of the Dionysos reported that he was not to start with a limed twigs. The " montana " in the subspecies has the origin in the Latin word " montanus " for " mountain ." Finally, to " parva " derives from the Latin word " parvus " and means "small".