Clitocybe dealbata
Field Trichterling ( Clitocybe dealbata )
The field - Trichterling ( Clitocybe dealbata ) is a mushroom of the family of Tricholoma relatives ( Tricholomataceae ) with small, white fruiting bodies, which is very common on lawns, meadows and other grassy sites in Europe and North America. It can contain a potentially lethal amount of muscarine.
Features
It has small, whitish or cream- yellow to pale flesh ocher fruiting bodies with a 2 to 5 centimeters wide, dünnfleischigen, flattened and later hardly depressed or almost funnel- shaped hat. The hat surface is dull, whitish and slightly frosted. The rim is bent, sometimes slightly notched, curled and wavy young age. The crowded lamella are creamy white with ocher or flesh-colored hues and are widely grown on a stick or run briefly down to it. The spore print is white. The stem is 2 to 4 inches high and strong and cylindrically shaped 0.5 to 1 centimeter. Often he has grown out of Hutmitte. It is designed fibrous, fleshy and hollow only in old age. Its surface is colored like the hat and sometimes dusted on top. The flesh is pale, flesh-colored watery and pale and has a mealy - spermatic odor and mild, floury taste. The spores are hyaline, oval-shaped, have a smooth surface and measure 3 to 4 to 5 to 6 microns.
Artabgrenzung
The field - Trichterling part of a series of very similar, toxic species of the section Candicantes, which include the Rinnigbereifte Trichterling ( Clitocybe rivulosa ). This can often be distinguished by experts. The two species Clitocybe Clitocybe dealbata rivulosa and are also often interpreted differently in the literature.
Collect inexperienced mushroom collectors who clove Schwind Linge ( Marasmius oreades ) or other weißhütige mushrooms as Maipilz ( Calocybe gambosa ), flour mushroom ( Clitopilus prunulus ), various white Hygrophorus and Ellerlinge or white chestnut mushrooms or knight pieces, these can easily highly toxic funnel Lingen from the relationship of the field - funnel -form confused, as they may partially occur in the same locations.
Distribution and ecology
The field - Trichterling is widespread in Europe and North America and often. He lives as Saprobiont in grassy habitats outside of closed forests. He bears fruit from July to November with often sociable, possibly in fairy rings fruiting bodies. Unfortunately, he appears often on grassy areas where it is encountered by children or infants. This may increase the risk of accidental consumption.
Ingredients, composition
The main toxic substance of the field - funnel -form is muscarine and therefore the symptoms are those of a Muscarinvergiftung, namely strongly increased salivation, sweating and lacrimation within 15 to 30 minutes after ingestion. In large doses, these symptoms may be followed by stomach ache, severe nausea, diarrhea, blurred vision, and labored breathing. Poisoning subside within two hours in general. The death is rare but in severe cases can occur due to cardiac or respiratory failure. The specific antidote is atropine.
Systematics and Taxonomy
The field - Trichterling was first described in 1799 by British naturalist James Sowerby as Agaricus dealbatus. In 1871 he received his current name when he was asked by Paul Kummer in the genus Clitocybe. The species is often considered synonymous with Clitocybe rivulosa and after Marcel Bon Clitocybe dealbata as a noun, the name could be dubium invalid because Sowerby's description does not match the fries between.
The Style epithet is derived from the Latin verb dealbare which " whitewash " or " white " means. Because of the symptoms of poisoning, he is known in English as " sweating mushroom" ( " sweating mushroom" ).