Congress of the Republic of Peru

The Peruvian Congress (Spanish: Congreso de la República del Perú ) is the parliament of Peru. It is a unicameral parliament with 130 deputies who are elected for five years. The elections for Congress take place simultaneously with the presidential election and based on the ( structured in regions) proportional representation. The current Congress was going on from the elections of 10 April 2011.

History

After the independence of Peru in 1821, José de San Martín let you choose a Constituent Congress, which under President Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro initially had two compartments.

Differences between the Libertador ( Liberator ) and the new Parliament led to the retreat San Martín, who left the country. The same happened to his colleagues José de La Mar de la Riva Agüero and José. 1824 Simón Bolívar came to Peru, and Congress gave him the power in the country. Bolivar adopted a new constitution and established a parliament made ​​up of three chambers. This constellation was, however, granted only a short life.

Another new constitution in turn established a bicameral Parliament, which was closed in 1992. During this time, the Congress was an important element in the changing political scene in Peru, but came often under the pressure of those in power.

In 1968, General Juan Velasco Alvarado in a coup d'etat power. He dissolved the Congress, which met again in 1978 as part of a Constituent Assembly and the new constitution of 1979 adopted.

In 1993, the current constitution was adopted after the Congress elected in 1990 ( camara of Deputies ) has been closed by a coup of elected President Alberto Fujimori. The Congress is since then only of one chamber with 120 members.

2009 was adopted by a constitutional amendment, as of the next congressional election in 2011 to increase the number of deputies to 130 to represent the growing population better.

Function

The Peruvian Constitution gives Congress the following tasks:

  • Legislation: The Congress discussed and approved by the country's laws.
  • Fiscal power: Congress has the duty and the power to control the actions of the government and the public administration.
  • Representation of the population: The Congressman of the Republic represent not only their constituencies but the entire nation.

Parliamentary seat

The chambers of the first Congress met in different places: the Chamber of Deputies in the former main building of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and the Senator chamber in the former building of the Inquisition. Later the whole Parliament moved into this building.

In the history of the country, meeting places changed several times; during the Salpeterkriegs against Chile they met at a secret location.

In the 20th century, Congress finally moved to its current location, the Legislative Palace in downtown Lima, opposite Plaza Bolívar.

Composition

The parliamentary elections of April 9, 2006 resulted in the following composition:

  • Unión por el Perú ( Ollanta Humala ): 45 MPs
  • Partido Aprista Peruano ( Alan Garcia ): 36 MPs
  • Unidad Nacional (Lourdes Flores ): 17 MPs
  • Alianza por el Futuro ( Martha Chávez ): 13 MPs
  • Frente de Centro ( Valentín Paniagua ): 5 MPs
  • Restauración Nacional (Humberto Lay ): 2 MP
  • Other parties: 2 delegates

The last parliamentary elections of April 10, 2011 resulted in the following composition:

  • Gana Perú: 44 MPs
  • Fuerza 2011: 35 MPs
  • Peru Posible: 22 MPs
  • Alianza por el Gran Cambio: 17 MPs
  • Alianza Solidaridad Nacional: 11 MPs
  • Partido Aprista Peruano: 4 MPs
Peruvian general election, 2011 Alliance for the Great Change El Mundo (Spain)
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