Corchorus

Illustration of Langkapseligen jute ( Corchorus olitorius )

Corchorus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family ( Malvaceae ). The 40 to 100 species occur in tropical and subtropical regions.

  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Corchorus species usually grow as an annual or perennial herbaceous plants, subshrubs or shrubs rare. The above-ground parts of plants often possess simple and stellate hairs ( trichomes ). The alternate arranged leaves are stalked. The simple, paper-like leaf blades are lanceolate and 5 to 15 cm long. The leaf edges are notched, serrated to cut. The stipules are thready.

Inflorescences and flowers

The flowers appear singly or in pairs to fifth, rarely up to eight in zymösen, doldigen or racemose inflorescences summarized, which are in the leaf axils or on the branches between the leaf axils. It is a short inflorescence stem available. It is a very short available to more than a short pedicel. Some species have an outer calyx. The small, hermaphroditic flowers are usually four to fünfzählig, radial symmetry are partially zygomorph up. There are rarely four or five free sepals usually present. The rare four or five free petals are usually yellow. The eight to twenty (rarely up to 100 ) of free, fertile stamens are arranged sometimes asymmetrical. Two to five carpels are fused to a constant upper two to fünfkammerigen ovary. Each ovary chamber contains many ovules. The short style ends in a plate - or disc-shaped, wavy, lobed short, notched, serrated or papillary scar.

Fruit and seeds

The linear- oblong cylindrical or nearly spherical, sometimes edged or spiny capsule fruits open with two to five flaps and contain a lot of hanging or horizontally arranged seeds; they may be septate transversely between the seeds. The seeds contain endosperm and a curved embryo with two thin, heart-shaped cotyledons ( cotyledons ).

System

The genus Corchorus was erected in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, pp. 529-530. As lectotype in 1929 by NL Britton & Millspaugh in Bahama Fl. , P 262 Corchorus olitorius L. fixed. Synonyms for Corchorus L. are: Nettoa Baill, Oceanopapaver Guillaumin, Rhizanota Lour. . ex Gomes. The genus Corchorus L. was formerly placed in the family Tiliaceae earlier; Today it belongs to the subfamily of Grewioideae within the family Malvaceae.

There are 40 to 100 Corchorus species ( selection):

  • Corchorus L. aestuans
  • Corchorus asplenifolius Burch.
  • Rundkapselige jute ( Corchorus capsularis L.)
  • Corchorus carnarvonensis Halford
  • Corchorus confusus Wild
  • Corchorus cunninghamii F.Muell.
  • Corchorus depressus (L.) Stocks
  • Corchorus fascicularis Lam.
  • Hirtus Corchorus L. (syn.: Corchorus pilolobus link; non Corchorus hirtus Thunb this is a synonym of Zelkova serrata ( Thunb. ) Makino. )
  • Corchorus junodi N. E. Br
  • Corchorus kirkii N. E. Br
  • Corchorus longipedunculatus mast.
  • Corchorus neocaledonicus Schltr. It is the only species of the genus in New Caledonia, and formed alone the genus Oceanopapaver. This shrub grows to over serpentine soils formed.
  • Langkapselige jute ( Corchorus olitorius L.)
  • Corchorus orinocensis Kunth
  • Corchorus pseudocapsularis Schweinf.
  • Corchorus pseudo- olitorius Islam & Zaid
  • Corchorus schimperi Cufod.
  • Corchorus L. siliquosus
  • Corchorus tridens L.
  • Corchorus L. trilocularis
  • Corchorus velutinus Wild
  • Corchorus walcottii F.Muell.

Use

In particular, the two types Rundkapselige jute ( Corchorus capsularis ) and Langkapselige jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) have an economic importance as a supplier of jute. The main growing area is the Ganges - Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh.

Some species are used for example in West Africa as a leaf vegetable. The leaves of the Langkapseligen jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) and the Rundkapseligen jute ( Corchorus capsularis ) be eaten raw or cooked. Young leaves are eaten as a salad, but older leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They contain relatively many proteins. Dried leaves can be used to thicken soups or for making a tea. Unripe fruits are used as seasoning of salads and vegetables.

The medical effects of the Langkapseligen jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) and Rundkapseligen jute ( Corchorus capsularis ) were examined.

From the woody parts of plants of Langkapseligen jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) and the Rundkapseligen jute ( Corchorus capsularis ) matches are made.

From Rundkapseligen jute ( Corchorus capsularis ) paper is made.

Swell

  • Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert & Laurence J. Dorr: Tiliaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 12, 2007, p 312: Corchorus - Online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
  • Abdul Ghafoor: Tiliaceae in the Flora of Pakistan: Corchorus - Online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
  • HR Coleman, 2008: Corchorus in the Western Australian flora. ( Description section )
  • Stewart Robert Hinsley, 2003: Information on the genus of the Malvaceae website. ( Section systematics)
Ovary (botany) Agricultural Research Service
202614
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