Cressier, Fribourg
Cressier (? Freiburg Patois Kressi / i ) is a municipality in the District du Lac ( German: lake district ) of the Canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. The German name Grissach is used today any more.
Geography
Cressier is on 569 m above sea level. M., 4 km south-east of the district town of Murten (air line). The village stretches a scenic location on a plateau east of the forest height Boulay, overlooking the valley of Biberen (French: La Bibera ) in the Molassehöhen in the northern Fribourg Mittelland.
The area of 4.2 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the over-molded by glacial Rhône glacier Molassehöhen between Murten and the Saanen valley. The central part of the municipality is occupied by the plateau of Cressier. This plateau is bounded on the south by up to 500 m wide Talniederung the Biberen in the east of the level of Jeussfeldes. Beyond the Biberen is still one of the Bois des Planches below Guschelmuth to Cressier. To the west of the municipality floor extends to the forest height Boulary, with 630 m above sea level. M. is the highest point of Cressier. A narrow strip extends to the southwest along the left Talhangs the Biberen ( Bois de Palud ) to the upper timber (up to 620 m above sea level. M. ). From the municipality surface 1997 8 % were settlements, 19 % of forest and woody plants and 73% to agriculture.
To Cressier include the industrial area near the railway station as well as some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Cressier are Salvenach, Jeuss, Gurmels, Wall Ried and Courlevon in the canton of Freiburg and Munich Wiler in the Canton of Bern.
Population
With 836 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Cressier one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Fribourg. The population of Cressier amounted in 1850 to 326 residents in 1900 to 350 inhabitants. After that, the population commuted to 1950 in the area of 370-400 inhabitants. Since then, a significant population growth was recorded, especially during the 1980s and 1990s.
Languages
Of the 54.1 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking and 40.1 % 1.9 % speak Portuguese (as of 2000). Cressier is thus still largely French-speaking, in recent years the proportion of German -speaking population has increased. The village is surrounded on all sides with the exception of Wall Ried ( in the southwest ) of predominantly German-speaking communities. House inscriptions indicate that Cressier was bilingual already from the 17th to the early 19th century. After French had, however, regained the upper hand.
Economy
Cressier was until the mid-20th century, a predominantly coined by agriculture village. Today, farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding have only a minor role in the occupational structure of the population. More jobs are in small local manufacturing and services available. Larger businesses have settled since the 1960s in the Valley of the railway station at the eastern foot Biberen of the plateau on the Pra Rond. The most important employer is currently DiaMed group ( medical technology). There are other companies that have specialized in the manufacture of pumps, X-ray systems, to the construction, horticulture and the wine trade. In recent decades, the village has developed thanks to its attractive location and into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who work mainly in the regions of Fribourg and Murten.
Traffic
The community is conveniently comparatively quite well developed. It is near the main road from Murten to Duedingen. The nearest links to the A1 ( Bern -Lausanne ) is located approximately 7 km from the town center. On August 23, 1898, the railway line from Murten to Fribourg was taken with a station in Cressier in operation.
History
The territory of Cressier was settled very early. So they found traces of settlement from the Bronze Age and grave mounds from the Hallstatt period. The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1080 under the name Crissey. Later, the names Crissiei ( 1172 ), Crissie ( 1182 ), Cressier ( 1243 ), the German Grissacho ( 1249 ), Crissye ( 1285) and Grissachen ( 1558 ) published. The name goes back to the Gallo-Roman personal name CRISC (i ) us.
Since the 12th century Cressier was its own little rule, which was the property of the Counts of Thierstein as a fief. By buying the village came in 1442 under the rule of Freiburg and was henceforth part of the Old Landscape ( Spitalpanner ). After the collapse of the ancien régime (1798 ) was one Cressier during the Helvetic Republic and the subsequent time to the district of Freiburg and from 1831 to the German district of Freiburg, before it was incorporated in 1848 with the new cantonal constitution in the lake district.
Attractions
The Catholic parish church of Cressier goes back in essence to the 12th century. Its present form was the church of Saint -Jean -Baptiste in new buildings in the classical style in the period 1841-1844. The interior comes in part from the predecessor, including statues and oil paintings from the 17th and 18th centuries.
North of the church stands the castle, which was built on the site of a former castle of the lords of Cressier 1665 in country style. The building was remodeled in the 18th and 19th century and extensively restored after a fire in 1974. Noteworthy is the large painting of the walls and ceiling in the Small and in the Large Hall of the castle.
In the center of Cressier some characteristic farmhouses from the 17th to 19th centuries have been preserved. At the height west of the village is the chapel of Saint -Urbain, which dates back to the 15th century and was restored in 1697.
Interior of the church
Manoir de Reynold
Chapel of St. Urbain