Czech studies

Under Bohemistics the scientific study of the Czech language (linguistic Bohemistics ) and Czech literature ( literary Bohemistics ) is understood (also called Czech philology ).

The linguistic Bohemistics is also in the synchronic Bohemistics ( explores the language of today ) and the diachronic Bohemistics ( is concerned with the historical development of the language ) divided. Today, the Bohemistics also devotes several pages of the structure of language, as well as to establish and co-reference, text genres, dialogues and other fields. For this, the perception of language as an interactive system is typical. Educational Bohemistics is oriented towards the teaching profession at all levels of education, and at the Czech as a foreign language. In a broader sense today also include the modern cultural sciences that deal with the Czech nation and its history to Bohemistics. Other areas of Bohemistics the language culture and language education, counseling are also among others. This includes the development of Czech grammar and writing of dictionaries. Outside the Czech Republic Bohemistics is usually considered as part of the Slavic languages ​​. The German Bohemian literature is treated as part of the German language.

Word origin

"Bohemia " is the traditional Latin name for the Kingdom of Bohemia ( Corona Bohemiae ), the core state of Czech history. To this kingdom included the whole territory of the Czech Republic. The Old Slavonic translation of the word "Bohemia " was called " Czechy ", derived from the self-designation of " Czechs " ( Czechs ), the first state-supporting nation of this kingdom.

History

Having taught at the Theresa Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt Czech since 1752, commissioned the Empress Maria Theresa in 1775 Josef Valentin Zlobický as the first professor of Czech language and literature at the University of Vienna. It was the world's first Chair of Bohemistics and the first teaching of a foreign language in Vienna. Zlobický propagated unusual for his time method, the students in addition to the teaching of grammar even country and customer literature, and the language used by practitioners teach. 1849 Bohemistics was incorporated into the newly founded Vienna Slavic. In Prague, the Czech classes started at the end of the 18th century. The academic study of the Czech language and culture was limited for a long time to the Habsburg monarchy.

In Germany the Bohemistics within the German Slavic gained more importance after the First World War by the constitution of the Czechoslovak state. At the chair of Slavic philology the Czech language and literature were involved to a greater extent.

Scientist

Are considered significant Bohemisten

  • Josef Dobrovský
  • Josef Jungmann
  • Josef Jirecek
  • January Gebauer
  • Bohuslav Havranek
  • Eugen Rippl
  • Ferdinand Seibt
  • Alois Vojtěch Šembera
  • Franz Spina
Coreference Jan Gebauer
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