Czech Technical University in Prague
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The Czech Technical University in Prague (Czech: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, in short: CTU or English: CTU) is an important technical university in the Czech Republic with its headquarters in Prague.
History
Beginning
In 1705, asked Christian Joseph Willenberg to be allowed to the Emperor Leopold I to the consent teach engineering. But until the time of Emperor Joseph I. on November 9, 1717 Willenberg was appointed professor and in January 1718 began the teaching. At the beginning, twelve students in the apartment Willenberg attend the lectures. Due to the further increase (1779 there were 200) had rooms to be rented. Successor Willenberg was Jan Ferdinand Sochor, builder of hydraulic structures on the Vltava River. Third was Professor František Antonín, Herget, director of building high and upper surveyor.
German and Czech Polytechnic
1806, the Engineering Institute of the supernatants was converted to a polytechnic to a design by Franz Josef Gerstner. Gerstner drew his inspiration from the recently founded in Paris École Polytechnique. The Prague Polytechnic was the only technical school in Austria, where she initially was organisationally part of the Charles University in Prague. Self-employed, the Polytechnic was only 1815.
1863 the Polytechnic was fundamentally reformed. The school reached university level. Head became an independent Rector, the school was divided into four departments: building construction, water and road construction, mechanical engineering and chemical engineering. Czech German was next on equal language of instruction. Language disagreements meant, however, that in 1869 sharing took place in a Czech and a German institute. The Czech Institute moved in 1874 to the new premises on the Karlsplatz.
In 1875 the previously borne by the state institutions were nationalized.
At the time of intensive industrialization in the early 20th century, the number of students grew to up to three thousand (1909). Those who then took off both state examinations were allowed to use the title engineer.
Czech Technical University
After the founding of Czechoslovakia in August 1920, the school was reorganized. The university introduced the new name České vysoké učení technické ( CTU ). The departments were replaced by schools ( in the meaning of faculties), which were headed by deans.
CTU then consisted of seven universities:
- Civil Engineering
- Agriculture and Forestry
- Architecture and Building Construction
- Mechanical and electrical engineering
- Chemical- technological engineering
- Special sciences
- Trade
In 1921, František Klokner a research and development institute for material testing.
The CTU has been closed by the German occupying forces on 17 November 1939. In fact, however, it was operated under the name Institute of Technology Prague.
After the end of World War II took place on 4 June 1945, the reopening of the Czech Technical University of Prague.
In 1948 and the Fifties
After 1948, many students were expelled from the university because of their political beliefs or non-proletarian origin by the communist regime under Gottwald. The Faculty of Economics was dissolved. 1949 to 1960 there was a reorganization, whole-school work areas have been established, such as military department, defense doctrine and the Institute of Marxism- Leninism. In 1949, a spin-off the University of Economics; In 1952, the chemical and agricultural departments outsourced (see: VŠCHT and czu ); 1953 was founded by separation of other departments, the College of railways, from which later emerged the University of Žilina.
Sixties to the nineties
After 1960, the CTU had four faculties:
- Civil Engineering
- Engineering
- Electrical Engineering
- Nuclear physics and physics
In 1976, the Faculty of Architecture was founded.
Presence
2004 studied in 47 degree programs offered (214 subjects ), total 22,934 students (including 9,279 bachelor's, master's 10,852 and 2,803 graduate students ). The school is involved in international exchange programs.
Faculties and institutes of higher education
The school now has eight faculties and two independent higher education institutions.
- Faculty of Bauwesen1
- Engineering faculty
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Physikingenieurwissenschaften2
- Faculty of Architecture
- Faculty of Verkehrswissenschaften2
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering ( Kladno )
- Faculty of Information Technologies
1 with a branch office in Ústí Sezimovo
2 with two racks in Decin
Higher Education Institutions:
- Klokner Institute
- Masaryk Institute
Other Facilities
- Data center
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- Research the industry
- Institute of Technical and Experimental Physics
- Centre for Radiochemistry
- Institute for Building and investing activities
- Publishing house
Personalities
- František Běhounek (1898-1973), Professor of Physics
- Christian Doppler (1803-1853), professor of mathematics and practical geometry.
- August Gessner (1880-1944), professor of plant and Building Materials, Rector
- Franz Josef Gerstner (1756-1832), developer of the horse railway from České Budějovice to Linz.
- František Křižík (1847-1941), (student) significant technician, industrialist and inventor.
- Paul Ludwik (1878-1934), a student, scientifically active in Vienna ( Materials Engineering )
- Rudolf Lukeš (1897-1960), Professor of Organic Chemistry
- Heinrich Mandel (1919-1979), (student) most significant representatives of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
- Vladimir Prelog (1906-1998), student of CTU, professor and Nobel Prize winner for chemistry in 1975.
- Johann Puluj (1845-1918), professor of experimental physics and engineering, Rector
- Gustav Schmidt (1826-1883), professor of mechanical engineering, rector in 1868 ( before the division ), rector of the Imperial German Technical University in Prague in 1876
- Emil Votoček (1872-1950), professor of chemistry
- Josef Zítek (1832-1909), Professor of Architecture
- January Zvoníček (1865-1926), professor and theorist, designed steam engines and compressors