Czerwionka-Leszczyny
Czerwionka - Leszczyny ( German Czerwionka - Leschczin ) is a city in Upper Silesia, Poland. It is located northeast of Rybnik on both sides of Birawka and belongs to the powiat Rybnicki in Silesian Voivodeship. The city was founded in 1992 by the merger of the towns Czerwionka and Leszczyny under a common name.
- 5.1 External links
- 5.2 footnotes
Boroughs
The city is divided into four districts:
- Czerwionka
- Czuchów ( Czuchow )
- Dębieńsko ( Dubensko )
- Leszczyny ( Leschczin )
History
Czerwionka
The first mention of the village dates from the year 1305. Since 1327 it belonged to the territory of the Bohemian crown. Czerwionka was 1521-1532 owned by the Piast dukes of Opole, after whose line became extinct, the place until 1788 part of the rule was Rybnik.
1742 was the 12- km north-east of Rybnik located on the right bank of the Birawka village to the part of Upper Silesia, which Austria had to cede to Prussia.
The iron ore deposits in Czerwionka were mined on a small scale since the 17th century. Importance was, however, only the built in 1783 fiscal Fresh fire to the 1800's still a blast furnace and a rolling mill in the neighboring village came Ciossek added.
With the inclusion of the coal industry Czerwionka gained its heyday. The operated since 1792 Dubenskogrube (Polish Dębieńsko ) is not only one of the oldest, but also one of the most important coal mines of Upper Silesia.
Czerwionka belonged since 1818 to the district of Rybnik.
In 1856 Czerwionka was connected to the railway from Rybnik after Orzesche.
Czerwionka was a center of Polish uprisings under Wojciech Korfanty 1919-1921. The municipality is located in the part Ostoberschlesiens who came to Poland in 1922.
With the Polish campaign in 1939, the town was again part of the German Empire. The Dubenskogrube was part of the mine administration of Upper Silesia GmbH " Reich Works Hermann Göring". As at the beginning of the year 1945, the front approached, the factory was evacuated on January 22. This 292 prisoners used as forced labor were shot from the Auschwitz concentration camp and the staff fled to the village side ( Zatonie ) at Hirschfelde in Saxony.
Czerwionka was a town-like settlement since 1955. In the mining and industrial community of the coal mine Dębieńsko with 4,202 jobs (1958), also coke plant and a plant for ferro-concrete products were next to the main employer, a resident.
1962 Czerwionka received city rights and was incorporated in 1975 in the neighboring town Leszczyny.
1992 both towns were united under a joint name again.
Leszczyny ( Leschczin )
As Czerwionka Leszczyny was originally an old Polish settlement, which was converted in 1250 into a village with German law.
In 1606 the wooden church of Leschczin was shot.
1740 took in the 8 km northeast of Rybnik in the woods between the Raude and Birawka village glassworks their operation.
Only with the emergence of the Upper Silesian coalfield learned the hitherto fairly insignificant place his recovery. Leschczin developed into a mining camp for immigrant workers from Poland of the surrounding coal mines. In the town itself there was a coal mine in operation, but had no greater significance.
Leschczin belonged since 1818 to the Prussian district of Rybnik. 1922, the town was part of Poland and was administratively remain assigned to the now Polish powiat Rybnik. Between 1939 and 1945 Leschczin was part of the German Empire.
Leszczyny was a town-like settlement since 1955. 1962 also received Leszczyny municipal law, the neighboring town Czerwionka was incorporated in 1975.
1992 both towns were united under a joint name again.
Population Development
Czerwionka
1784: 159 inhabitants 1825: 277 1905: 1,909 1931: 5,100 1961: 9,189 1970: 10,226
Leszczyny ( Leschczin )
1784: 134 inhabitants 1825: 321 1905: 1,223 1931: 2,300 1961: 8,478 1970: 12,158
Community
The urban and rural community Czerwionka - Leszczyny covers an area of 115 square kilometers with more than 40,000 inhabitants. These include the following locations:
- Bełk ( Belk )
- Czerwionka - Leszczyny
- Książenice ( Knizenitz )
- Palowice ( Pallowitz )
- Przegędza ( Przegendza )
- Stanowice ( Stanowitz )
- Szczejkowice ( Schey Schukowitzgasse )
Twinning
- Jēkabpils, Latvia