Dactylorhiza praetermissa

Marsh orchid ( Dactylorhiza praetermissa )

The Overlooked orchid ( Dactylorhiza praetermissa ) belongs to the genus of orchids ( Dactylorhiza ) in the family of the Orchid Family ( Orchidaceae). The genus name comes from the Dactylorhiza finger-like tubers (from Greek δάκτυλος dactylos = finger and ρίζα rhiza root ). The Style epithet praetermissa is the literal translation of the Latin word praetermissus = overlooked, forgotten.

Features

The Overlooked orchid is a perennial plant with tubers as a wintering organ. In its heyday, are two tubers present, finger-shaped divided into two or three sections. It reaches a height of 20 to 70 centimeters. The stems are hollow and have the basic two to three scale-like leaves, about four to nine green, unspotted or ring- spotted leaves. Plants with mottled leaves are also referred to as a variety or subspecies junialis. The largest leaf is five times as long as wide, lanceolate and up to 1.5-1.8 inches wide. The leaves show up and are not or little hooded shape drawn together at the top. The top sheet often reaches the inflorescence.

Below the inflorescence there is zero to two contract sheet-like leaves. These are not curved inward -turned, and the lowest is at least three millimeters wide. The bracts in the inflorescence are lanceolate, green colored with red tint, the lower of two to three centimeters longer than the ovary, up becoming shorter.

The flowers are relatively large and have a pinkish purple color. The lateral sepals are from approximately horizontal, the middle sepal and the petals tend to helmet-shaped together. The lip is more or less flat, undivided or slightly three-lobed, and has almost the whole surface is a point or drawing an indicated loop pattern. The spur is shorter than the lip and has a diameter of generally about two millimeters. Bloom time is in June and July, the pollination is done by bees and bumblebees. The fruits are capsules vielsamige.

The chromosome number is 2n = 80, the plants are tetraploid.

Dissemination and locations

The species occurs in the subatlantisch - temperate areas of Europe. It is native to England, Northern France, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. In Germany, it rarely comes up very rarely only in Schleswig -Holstein, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Rhineland -Palatinate, Saarland, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern and North Rhine -Westphalia.

The Overlooked orchid grows in marshy meadows and Kalkflachmooren ( Caricion davallianae ). It prefers calcareous soils and is limited to the amount colline level.

Endangering

The Overlooked orchid is endangered Central Europe. In Germany it is in great danger. In order to point out the merits particular protection of this rare species, the Overlooked orchid of the working groups of Native Orchids (AHO ) was elected to the Orchid of the year 2008.

System

Druce described the Overlooked orchid Orchis first as praetermissa, Rezso Soó carried out the still valid renamed Dactylorhiza praetermissa. A genetic study shows a close relative of the types of heart orchid ( Dactylorhiza cordigera ) High orchid ( Dactylorhiza elata ) and spotted orchid ( Dactylorhiza fuchsii ).

For this type, there is a variety of synonyms, which can be viewed below here:

• Orchis praetermissa Druce ( basionym )
• Orchis incarnata var integrata E. G. Camus ex Fourcy
• Orchis wirtgenii Hoeppner
• Orchis praetermissa var macrantha Sipkes
• Orchis latifolia var junialis Verm.
• Orchis pardalina Pugsley
• Dactylorchis praetermissa ( Druce ) Verm.
• Dactylorhiza wirtgenii ( Hoeppner ) Soó
• Dactylorhiza praetermissa ssp. integrata ( E. G. Camus ex Fourcy ) Soó
• Dactylorhiza majalis var junialis ( Verm. ) Senghas
• Dactylorhiza praetermissa var junialis ( Verm. ) Senghas
• Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. praetermissa ( Druce ) D. M. Moore & Soó
• Dactylorhiza incarnata ssp. praetermissa ( Druce ) H. Sund.
• Dactylorhiza majalis var praetermissa ( Druce ) RM Bateman & Denholm
• Dactylorhiza majalis var macrantha ( Sipkes ) R. M. Bateman & Denholm
• Dactylorhiza integrata (EC Camus ex Fourcy ) Aver.
• Dactylorhiza pardalina ( Pugsley ) Aver.
• Dactylorhiza praetermissa var maculosa D. Tyteca & Gathoye
• Dactylorhiza praetermissa var integrata (EC Camus ex Fourcy ) D.Tyteca & Gathoye
• Dactylorhiza praetermissa f junialis ( Verm. ) PDSell

Hybrids

The Overlooked orchid hybridized both with other species of the genus Dactylorhiza, as well as species of the genera Handel Wurzen ( Gymnadenia ), orchids (Orchis ) ( Orchis ) and wood hyacinths ( Platanthera ):

Dactylorhiza ×

• Dactylorhiza × batavica Soó (1960 ) = ( Dactylorhiza maculata × Dactylorhiza praetermissa )
• Dactylorhiza × godferyana ( Soó ) Peitz (1972 ) = ( Dactylorhiza majalis Dactylorhiza × praetermissa )
• Dactylorhiza x grandis ( Druce ) P.F. Hunt ( 1971) = ( Dactylorhiza fuchsii × Dactylorhiza praetermissa )
• Dactylorhiza × hallii ( Druce ) Soó (1962 ) = ( Dactylorhiza maculata ssp. Ericetorum × Dactylorhiza praetermissa ) Dactylorhiza × hallii nothosubspecies nummiana ( P.Fourn. ) Gathoye & D. Tyteca (1994 ) = ( Dactylorhiza maculata ssp. Elodes × Dactylorhiza praetermissa )

× Dactylodenia Garay & H.R. Sweet ( 1966) = ( Dactylorhiza × Gymnadenia )

• × Dactylodenia wintonii ( Druce ) Peitz (1972 ) = ( Dactylorhiza praetermissa × Gymnadenia conopsea )

× Orchidactylorhiza P. Delforge (2000 ) = ( Dactylorhiza × Orchis )

• × Orchidactyla luizetiana (EC Camus ) Borsos & Soó (1966 ) = ( Dactylorhiza praetermissa × Orchis palustris)

× Dactylanthera P.F.Hunt & Summerh. (1966 ) = ( Dactylorhiza × Platanthera )

• ( Dactylorhiza pratermissa × Plata bifolia )

Swell

• H. Baumann, S. Künkele, R. Lorenz (2006): Orchids of Europe. 11 S. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-8001-4162-0
• Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil Fitschen - interactive ( CD -Rom ), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6