Daitoku-ji
The Daitoku -ji (Japanese大 徳 寺, also龙 宝山, Ryūhōzan ) is a Buddhist temple complex located in the district of Kita the Japanese city of Kyoto and one of the main temple of the Rinzai shū.
The Daitoku -ji is widely famous for its many historically significant and ornate buildings, several of which are registered National Cultural Property of Japan.
History
The temple was built from 1315 to 1325 of Shuho Myōchō (宗 峰 妙 超; Daitō also Kokushi (大灯 国 师, 1282-1337 ) ), student of Zen Master Nampo Jōmin (南浦 绍明, 1235-1308 ), under the auspices the Hanazono and Go- Daigo- tennō built.
From 1333 to 1341 he was a short time to the Gozan. Later, under the reign of the Ashikaga Shoguns - he was one of the most important Rinka Temple.
One of the most famous personalities of the temple was the monk Ikkyu Sojun (1394-1481), who with the later head, YOSO SOI (养 叟 宗 颐, 1379-1458 ), a life-long, bitter dispute over the proper Buddhist practice and resulted in the last years of his life with the financial help of merchants from the port city of Sakai burned in Ōnin war building of the temple rebuilt.
In the Sengoku period and Azuchi - Momoyama the subsequent period of Daitokuji became a cultural center of the country. The warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537-1598) was the grave of his predecessor, Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582), laid on the site of the temple and gave him land. Significant tea masters such as Sen no Rikyū (1522-1591) and Kobori Masakazu (小 堀 政 一), also Enshū Kobori (小 堀 远 州, 1579-1647 ) had at this time at the temple.
Under the rule of the Tokugawa Shoguns, the temple again lost some of his privileges.
In the 20th century, western practitioners were taken to the temple. Ruth Fuller Sasaki and Irmgard Schlögl, who received their training there, were important pioneers of Zen in America and Europe. Janwillem van de Wetering spent the summer of 1958 and a half years as a student.
The plant
The system (see diagram) with an area of 550 × 450 m is publicly available, eg by the main and south gate, (6) and (7). The major and minor temples themselves are not open to exceptions (see below) for the visitor.
- The main temple located on the eastern edge (1 ) consists of a main building ( f ) consisting of Abtquartier ( Hōjō ) and refectory ( Kuri ), and other buildings is that joining to the south: (a ) The gate of the imperial messengers ( Chokushimon )
- ( b ) The main gate ( Sammon, here Kinmōkaku (金毛 阁) ) was established in 1529 by shucho ( 1448-1532 ) and performed other story, then increased from Rikyū to Nijūmon.
- ( c ) The Buddha Hall ( Butsuden )
- ( d) The teaching hall ( Hatto ) was the lord of the castle of Odawara, Inaba Masakatsu, donated.
- ( e) Gate in Karamon style.
- On the grounds (brown rectangle) are also the remaining building of Zen Garan: Bell Tower, Sutraspeicher and bathroom.
Side temple can be visited:
- ( 2) Daisen- in (大仙 院) The most known side temple was created in 1509 by Kogaku Soko ( (古 岳 宗 亘). The main hall ( hondo, with input ( Genkan ) National Treasure ) contains decorative paintings, the Kano Yukinobu, Kanō Motonobu and SOAMI be attributed [ Note 1 ]. the main hall is bordered on the north and south sides by gardens in the Kare -san- sui - style. the gravel garden to the south is adorned with two gravel cones, the garden on the north side is a window into a bell shape ( Katō - mado ) separated into two parts. on the simpler part floats on the gravel a treasure boat ( Takarabune ), the other part is decorated in the corner by a rock formation, with Mount Horai in the middle, from which a "dry waterfall " pours, the "water" lower a stone bridge continues to flow.
- ( 3) Kōtō - in (高 桐 院). The additional cancellation in 1601 by Hosokawa Tadaoki (细 川 忠 兴, 1563-1645 ) donated. Hosokawa, who devoted himself to the Zen in later life, was one of the screens master-disciple of Sen no Rikyū. The Temple in the teahouse Shōkōken heard (松 向 轩), the built Hosokawa.
- ( 4) Zuiho- in (瑞峰 院). It is reported that these side temple of Ōtomo Sorin ( (大 友 宗麟, 1530-1589 ), son of a powerful prince was in Kyushu, donated. At 48, however, Sorin was converted to Christianity. He sent the first Japanese mission to Rome, whose return, he did not live The temple is surrounded by several gardens, including located. : Dokuza file (独坐 庭), before Abtquartier ( Hōjō )
- Kammin file (闲 眠 庭) or " Cloister Garden " (十字架 の 庭, Jūjika no niwa ), behind the Abtquartier
- Cha file (茶 庭)
Not generally available, for example:
- The Koho -an (孤 篷 庵). This 1612 built by Kobori Enshū hermitage stood first in Ryuko - in, but was then converted by him to Daitokuji, the tea room "Pants" (忘 筌). Enshū spent the rest of his life there. The hermitage was lost in a fire in 1793, but by Matsudaira Harusato ( 1751-1818 ) was rebuilt in the old style.