Dasht-e Kavir
In the Iranian highlands are the deserts of Afghanistan and Iran. They are due to the turning circle position, under the influence of the trade circulation and are thus turning circle deserts. In addition to these consequences aridity ( dryness) is enhanced by surrounding regenabschirmende Mountains.
Lut
The Dasht -e Lut is 166,000 square kilometers, the largest desert in Iran, which is located in the Iranian highlands. Southwest is the Zagros Mountains, which contributes to the aridity. In the north, the second great Iranian desert, Kavir connects. Due to these conditions, the annual precipitation is less than 50 mm ( at a potential evaporation of 5,000 mm). With surface temperatures up to 70.7 ° C in summer, it is one of the hottest places on earth. However, in the record of measurement 70.7 ° C, a bottom measurement was performed by a satellite.
While in the South West has formed a removal relief, it comes in the southeast, however, to a landfill with up to 200 m high dunes. In contrast, for example, to the Sahara no finds were made that testify a former human habitation. Also, no fossils or other evidence were found on earlier life so far. The KJV is due to these hostile conditions still deserted.
In the south of the Lut nearby mountain nomads in summer, in winter, they move towards the Persian Gulf.
Kawir
Dasht -e Kavir (also Kavir or Kewir ) is the name of the great salt desert in the Iranian highlands, north of the Lut. It is located in the high basin between the Zagros Mountains in the southwest and the Alborz mountain range in the north. These mountains shield as in the KJV from the precipitate. Because of the sterile and hostile through the salt flats conditions, the Kavir is uninhabited. From the salt deposits minerals are mined. The Iranian Space Agency operates in this desert space launch sites, so in Emamshahr in the province of Semnan.
Qanats
Are numerous oases that are the Qanaten based on the southern margins of the Lut and Kavir. Qanats are horizontal wells, which relate groundwater from the mountains. They do not allow for sustainable use, as they use only recent rainfall from the mountains. They were developed before the Christian era and have been spread to China. Even in the 1960s there were an estimated 22,000 wells in the country.
Afghanistan
The southern part of Afghanistan is almost entirely a desert area. In the mountains of central and northern Afghanistan, although more rain than in the southern regions, but there are a lot of very dry areas - especially in the rain shadow of the mountains.
The river divides the desert areas of southern Afghanistan Helmund into an eastern and a western half. East of Helmund is the Fingered Stan Desert ( also Registan, " Sandland "). Fingered Stan is a sandy and sparsely vegetated desert of about 25,000 km ² extent that is grazed by Baluchis. West of Helmund is mainly of gravel and salt flats Lehmflächen but also from existing Dasht -e Margoh.