David Friedländer
David Friedlander ( born December 6, 1750 in Königsberg ( Prussia), † December 25, 1834 in Berlin) was a German - Jewish silk producer and author, who campaigned for the emancipation of the Jews in Berlin. After the death of Moses Mendelssohn 1786 Friedlander of the leaders and key organizer of the Jewish reconnaissance in Berlin.
Life
1771 settled David Friedlander in Berlin. As a son of the banker Daniel Izzy and friend of Moses Mendelssohn, he quickly found access in Berlin society. He was committed to the emancipation of the Jews in Berlin and for various reform projects. Friedrich Wilhelm II appointed him together with Daniel Izzy into a Committee on the Rights of the Jews, which remained without result. Another project was the reform of Jewish worship, this proposal was rejected as radical.
But was successful the establishment of the Jewish Free School Chevrat Chinuch Ne'arim (Society for boy's education) in Berlin in 1778, for the Friedländer also wrote textbooks and the Hebrew prayer book translated into German.
Friedlander sought to practical forms of convergence (Paul ) between Judaism and Christianity. In this sense there was in 1799 " by the Jews in Berlin a stunning Initiative" ( Jobst Paul ). Anonymous Friedlander directed a missive from some Haus fathers of the Jewish religion to Wilhelm Abraham Teller, were made in the practical suggestions for the " trial of a religious association" of Judaism and Protestantism. " For the Jews, he claimed to liberation from Jesus and faith of some rites, while he held a baptism in that non- dogmatic sense possible, the dish had outlined in his writings. Christianity and Judaism shared a common, natural religion, have no meaning to the rituals ( he calls them, justification by works, verbiage and empty trifles '). The attempt was not successful, it was followed by a chorus of, controversial response and some brought Friedlander 's character even in the twilight when he wanted to buy the equality. It was probably - first and foremost - a practical thrust that was in the air at the Berlin fair, but he was not the last. "
Friedlander also acted as a promoter of science and art, to the funding recipients include Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt.
He also laid the foundation of the major coin collection of his son Benoni Friedländer (1773-1858), which of these 1861 the newly founded Numismatic made over whose director was his youngest grandson Julius Friedländer since 1854.
His second son Moses Friedländer (1774-1840) occurred in 1799 in the 1795, founded by Joseph Mendelssohn Mendelssohn banking house one - Joseph's sister Leah and Moses ' wife, Regina, both born Solomon, were cousins . The bank had until 1804, when the partners split again, based in the Palais Izzy in the Castle Road 25 Later Moses Friedländer made under the name Friedlander & Co. as a freelance banker.
A nephew Friedlander was the liberal rabbi Joseph Abraham Friedlander.
Writings
- Reading Book for Jewish children. Nachdr d ed Berlin, Voss, 1779 / new ed. and with introd and Annex vers. Zohar Shavit of, dipa -Verl., Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-7638-0132-4.
- Translation of Sefer ha - Nefesh Moses Mendelssohn. Berlin 1787.
- Translation of Moses Mendelssohn Ḳohelet. , 1788.
- David Friedlander's writing: Concerning the necessity has been cleared by the new organization of the Jewish communities in the Prussian states transformation 1) of their worship in the synagogues, 2) their teaching institutions and their teaching subjects, and 3) its educational system at all: A word in due season. - Neudr together with Anh output Berlin, Comm. at W. Dieterici, 1812. Verl family friend, Berlin, 1934. ( Contributions to the History of the Jewish Community of Berlin / star.
- Speeches of edification. Educated Israelites dedicated. Berlin 1815-17.
- Moses Mendelssohn, from Him and through Him. Berlin 1819.
- Concerning the improvement of the Israelites in the Kingdom of Poland. Berlin 1819.
- Contribution to the history of the persecution of the Jews in the 19th century by writers. Berlin 1820.