Dipterocarpus

Dipterocarpus retusus, Illustration

The plant genus two wings fruit trees ( Dipterocarpus ), also two wing nuts or other genera also called wing fruit trees, belongs to the family of the wings fruit plants ( Dipterocarpaceae ). The approximately 70 species are common in Southeast Asia. Some types of wood used.

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

In dipterocarp species are mostly evergreen to deciduous, high, aspiring trees. At the base of the stem strong buttress roots are often present. The grayish - brown to orange-colored bark has raised lenticels, is cracked and flaking off. The resin is aromatic, oily and white. The heartwood is brown to red -brown to yellow-brown to green, the sapwood is color distinct from heartwood.

The leaves are arranged opposite one another on the branches. The leathery leaf blades are easy. The leaf margin is sinuate smooth or wavy. The fiedrig arranged lateral nerves are straight, and the third order veins are arranged conspicuous almost scalariform. The large stipules enclose the terminal bud and leave when they fall off a ring-like leaf scar.

Inflorescences and flowers

In scarcely branched, racemose inflorescences are usually three to nine flowers together. The relatively large, sweet-scented, hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and fünfzählig double perianth. The five unequal sepals are fused pitcher -shaped or cup-shaped at their base. The five petals (sometimes with stellate hairs ) fluffy hairy and often white with a red center stripe. The yellow anthers are elongated. The fluffy, hairy superior ovaries are ovoid. The thread-like style ends in a slightly widened scar.

Fruit and seeds

The one-seeded, nut -like fruits have two wings. These two upright wings develop from two sepals. The seeds have been planted with the base of the pericarp and contain an embryo with two unequal, large, thick cotyledons ( cotyledons ) and an inconspicuous radicle.

Dissemination

The genus Dipterocarpus is widely used in Southeast Asia. It occurs in Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, in the western Indonesia and the Philippines. Dipterocarp forest species are forming in many areas of Southeast Asia, this vegetation type is called dipterocarp forest; it is a dry deciduous forest.

System

The genus Dipterocarpus in 1805 was established by Karl Friedrich von Gärtner in De fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum ...., 3, p 50. As Lectotypusart 1960 Dipterocarpus costatus CFGaertn. by Arthur Allman Bullock in Kew Bulletin, Volume 14, page 42 The generic name Dipterocarpus directly translated means " two-winged fruit." Synonyms for Dipterocarpus C.F.Gaertn. are Duvaliella F.Heim and Mocanera Blanco.

There are about 70 dipterocarp species:

• Dipterocarpus acutangulus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G.Don
• Dipterocarpus applanatus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus baudii Korth.
• Dipterocarpus borneensis Slooten
• Dipterocarpus bourdillonii Brandis
• Dipterocarpus caudatus Foxw.
• Dipterocarpus caudiferus Merr.
• Dipterocarpus chartaceus Symington
• Dipterocarpus cinereus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus concavus Foxw.
• Dipterocarpus condorensis Pierre
• Dipterocarpus confertus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus conformis Slooten
• Dipterocarpus coriaceus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer
• Dipterocarpus costatus C.F.Gaertn.
• Dipterocarpus costulatus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus crinitus Dyer
• Dipterocarpus cuspidatus P.S.Ashton
• Dipterocarpus dyeri Pierre ex Laness.
• Dipterocarpus elongatus Korth.
• Dipterocarpus eurhynchus Miq.
• Dipterocarpus fagineus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus fusiformis P.S.Ashton
• Dipterocarpus geniculatus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus glabrigemmatus P.S.Ashton
• Dipterocarpus glandulosus Thwaites
• Dipterocarpus globosus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus gracilis flower
• Dipterocarpus grandiflorus ( Blanco ) Blanco
• Dipterocarpus hasseltii flower
• Dipterocarpus hispidus Thwaites
• Dipterocarpus humeratus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus indicus Bedd.
• Dipterocarpus insignis Thwaites
• Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer
• Dipterocarpus kerrii King
• Dipterocarpus kunstleri King
• Dipterocarpus lamellatus Hook. f
• Dipterocarpus littoralis flower
• Dipterocarpus lowii Hook. f
• Dipterocarpus megacarpus Madani
• Dipterocarpus mundus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus nudus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus oblongifolius flower
• Dipterocarpus obtusifolius Teijsm. ex Miq.
• Dipterocarpus ochraceus Meijer
• Dipterocarpus orbicularis Foxw.
• Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus Meijer
• Dipterocarpus palembanicus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus perakensis P.S.Ashton
• Dipterocarpus retusus Flower: The home is located in India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and the Chinese provinces: southeastern Xizang, southeastern and western Yunnan.
• Dipterocarpus rigidus Ridl.
• Dipterocarpus rotundifolius Foxw.
• Dipterocarpus sarawakensis Slooten
• Dipterocarpus semivestitus Slooten
• Dipterocarpus stellatus Vesque
• Dipterocarpus sublamellatus Foxw.
• Dipterocarpus tempehes Slooten
• East Indian fruit tree two wings, East Indian Gurjunbalsambaum ( Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ): He is based in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. A liquid resin, red - brown, greenish fluorescent balm, gurjun balsam is called from him won.
• Dipterocarpus turbinatus C.F.Gaertn
• Dipterocarpus validus Blume
• Dipterocarpus verrucosus Foxw. ex Slooten
• Dipterocarpus zeylanicus Thwaites

Use

Some dipterocarp species are important timber trees. Trade name of the wood: yang (FR, TH, VN ), Keruing (ID, MY, DE), gurjun (IN -and, MM, LK), dau (UN, FR), white Kanyin, Kanyin - byu (MM), chhoeuteal (KH ) ppendix, (LA), keroewing ( NL), yang way, yang na ( TH), Dzao long ( VN). No species is protected by CITES rules.

Swell

• Xi -wen Li, Jie Li & Peter S. Ashton: Dipterocarpaceae, In: ZY Wu & PH Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 13, 2007, Missouri Botanical Garden Press et al, St. Louis include: Dipterocarpus, S. 48 - online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)