Divine Liturgy
As a Divine Liturgy or Holy Liturgy, completely Holy and Divine Liturgy in the Orthodox and Catholic Churches of the Byzantine rite is called the celebration of the Eucharist. Its counterpart in the western, latin influenced churches is the Holy Mass.
There are four liturgical forms in use:
The Holy and Divine Liturgy St Basil the Great ( † 379 )
The Liturgy of St. Basil's form with anaphora is attributed to the Holy Basil of Caesarea until about 1000 AD was the main text and is today - probably because of its length - only ten days per year used. It is celebrated on the eves of Christmas ( December 25) and Theophany ( January 6), the feast of Saint Basil (January 1 ) to the first five Sundays of Great Lent, the Great Thursday ( Maundy Thursday ) and on Great Saturday ( Holy Saturday, Easter Vigil actually early as in the Catholic Church to the liturgical reforms of Pius XII. ). It differs only in certain prayers and hymns, but not in the ceremonial of the Chrysostom liturgy.
The Holy and Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom († 407)
The Liturgy of Chrysostom Anaphora is the most common today in the churches of the Byzantine rite mold.
Structure of the Chrysostom liturgy:
- Prayer before the iconostasis
- Enter into the holiest
- Applying the liturgical vestments
- Handwashing
- Equipping of bread
- Production of the wine
- Memory of the saints, the living and the dead
- Concealment and Inzens ( adulation ) of the gifts
- Prayer of equipping ( " prothesis Prayer" )
- Dismissal
- Opening of worship
- Friedensektenie ( litany ) - the litanies during the liturgy are sung by the deacon, if this is missing, answered by the priest himself, and by the community with the call to prayer.
- Still prayer and First Antiphon
- Small Litany, Still prayer and Second Antiphon
- Christ - hymn
- Small Litany, Still prayer and Third Antiphon
- Small collection with the Gospel Book
- Prokimen
- Epistle
- Alleluia
- Gospel
- Homily ( sermon ) - can be kept even after the Ambongebet
- Fervent litany for the faithful
- Litany for the dead
- Litany for the Catechumens
- Dismissal of the catechumens
- Litany for the faithful
- Litany for the whole world
- Offertory
- Preparation prayers
- Large catchment with the offerings
- Bittlitanei
- Greeting of peace
- Nicene - Constantinopolitan Creed
- Introduction and Preface Dialogue
- Sanctus
- Post- Sanctus
- Institution narrative
- Memory and Presentation
- Epiclesis
- Memory of the whole Church
- Bittlitanei to prepare for Communion
- Lord's prayer
- Head tilt prayer
- Survey of the " Lamb"
- Breaking of bread, mixing and Zeon
- Communion prayers
- Communion the celebrant (priest and deacon )
- Communion of the Faithful
- Thanksgiving after Communion
- Closing litany
- Ambongebet ( prayer of blessing on the town )
- Cleaning the vessels
- Blessing and anti Doron
- Private thanksgiving prayers
The Holy and Divine Liturgy of St.. father James
She is originally the Eucharist form of Jerusalem and Palestine, as well as the Patriarchate of Antioch and is attributed to the Lord's brother and Apostle James. With increasing Byzantinisierung of Middle Eastern Orthodox Patriarche she became the beginning of the 2nd millennium, even in their home into disuse and was replaced by the two aforementioned Byzantine forms. In modern times, and from the early 20th century, they found limited input in Byzantine churches. Today, it is usually celebrated only on special occasions, regularly by some bishops and priests, however. In the 19th century the custom of the Liturgy of the Word in front of the iconostasis was created, ie the middle of the community to celebrate ). , Since the end of the 20th century, the Jakobos liturgy is often celebrated at an altar versus populum people in Greece.
The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts ( Präsanktifikaten liturgy )
It is recently ( and wrongly) to the Roman Pope Gregory the Great († 604 of the Orthodox usually Gregory Dialogos called ) back out and basically consists of the Ἑσπερινός ( Vespers ) Liturgy of the Hours, which was connected to a communion celebration, the sanctification of the bread and wine is omitted here, because in an earlier Eucharist sacred gifts are dealt. Presumably, this form of worship is the result of pastoral considerations to allow the faithful in these days, especially in the Great Lent, the reception of Communion. To date, there is in fact prohibited in the churches of the Byzantine rite, on business days of the forty days of Lent to celebrate festive Eucharistic liturgy ( with the exception of the feast day of the Annunciation ). The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts is currently celebrated on Wednesday and Friday of the first six weeks of Lent, on Thursday of the fifth week of Lent and on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday of Great and Holy Week ( Holy Week ). In the Roman rite of the Catholic Church it ( a) correspond to the congregational communion ceremony during the celebration of the Lord's Passion on Good Friday and (b) the administration of the Holy Communion outside in a Liturgy of the Word with Communion celebration. Previously, the communion with the Presanctified Gifts in the Byzantine liturgy was donated frequently, at the coronation of a Byzantine emperor and the marriage of Christian spouses.