Enzo of Sardinia
Enzio (Italian for Heinz, * 1220, † March 14, 1272 in Bologna) was king of Sardinia from 1239 to 1249 ( titular king till 1272 ). He was an illegitimate son of Emperor Frederick II and the Swabian nobles Adelheid, presumably from the home of the Dukes of Urslingen.
Youth and military experience
He was a favorite of his father, which he is supposed to be according to some sources was very similar in appearance and character, with whom he shared a love of poetry. 1238 defeated by Frederick II knighted, he married the same year Adelasia de Lacon - Gunale (* 1207, † 1255 ), Judge ( Iudicessa ) Torres ( the north-west Sardinia ), daughter of Judge Mariano II of Torres and the Agnes de ( Lacon ) Massa, and widow of Judge of Gallura ( the north -east of Sardinia ), Ubaldo Visconti. This marriage ended in divorce in 1246 on the initiative Adelasia again. The island of Sardinia was then in four sub- kingdoms ( Giudicati ) divided whose ruler the title " iudex ", ie Judges stated. In fact, they held a royal line of sight. Adelasia brought into their marriage with a Enzio two of the four sub- kingdoms. 1239 Enzio was appointed by his father as King of Sardinia and Gene Rail landscaped grounds in central and northern Italy. In this role, he led in the Romagna, the Marches and Tuscany military operations against the insurgent Guelphs.
He prepared the capture of high church dignitaries before that. Gregory IX were summoned to a council at Rome to excommunicate Frederick II. The actual military operation at the Battle of Giglio did not lead it, but an imperial admiral, who intercepted in 1241 those Genoese ships off the island of Giglio on which bishops and cardinals from all over Europe were. Together with Ezzelino da Romano after he fought in northern Italy against the Guelph communities. Captured in 1245 by the Milanese in Gorgonzola, he was immediately exchanged for prisoners. 1247 he took part in the siege of Parma hapless. During this time ( 1247/48 ) he completed his second marriage with Baroness von Enne ( di Enga ), a daughter of Henricus III. , Podesta of Verona and niece of Ezzelino da Romano.
Arrest and detention
A few months after his second marriage he came on May 26, 1249 after the Battle of Fossalta at Modena together with numerous Germans and cremonese bolognische in captivity. Although Frederick II called for his immediate release, the Commune of Bologna, Enzio decided caught hold until his death, almost as a living symbol of pride of the city.
Enzio then spent more than 22 years in prison in that chivalrous " Palazzo Nuovo " of the municipality, which is called after him until today Palazzo Re Enzo. Here he meditated in melancholy verses on the nature of the Scuola poetica siciliana ( Sicilian school of poetry ) about his own tragic fate and the downfall of his house. From him are two canzoni, a well-known sonnet ( "Tempo vein sale che chi disc border " ) and obtain a fragment.
Literary afterlife
Enzio's grave inscription comes from the famous Master of Ars Notaria, Rolandino de ' Passeggeri, the mistake the authorship of the proud letter of Bolognese was attributed to Frederick II, in which the Emperor the release of his son has been denied.
The shape of the unfortunate young ruler whose valor, education and blonde beauty was praised by all, Giovanni Pascoli inspired his " Canzoni di re Enzio " (1909).
Descendants
Enzio left no identified marital offspring. In his will he mentions a daughter named Elena ( daughter of a certain Frascha ) that the Pisan Guelfo Gherardesca married and had several children with this. Furthermore, in Enzio Testament the two daughters Magdalena and Costanza called, but without naming the mother. Links to other descendants, such as an alleged son named Henry, are speculative. The story of an alleged son named Bentivoglio, on the later of the same gender called Bolognese is attributable to the realm of legend.