Eranthis

Winterling ( Eranthis hyemalis )

Winter aconite ( Eranthis ) are a genus of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae ( Ranunculaceae ) with about seven species. They occur in Eurasia.

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Winter aconite grow as a perennial, herbaceous plants. They form a rhizome of a diameter of about 1 cm and more bulbous than Überdauerungsorgan segments. For Eranthis hyemalis were precise investigations that a Hypokotylknolle is formed. There are more than one or two basal leaves present; they consist of a long petiole and a leaf blade palmately divided with irregularly toothed margin.

Generative features

The inflorescence stem is always unbranched and ends in a terminal, single bloom. Under the flower is a whorl of bracts in horizontal depending on the nature of changing number. The flower is hermaphrodite and radial symmetry. The show organs of the flower consists of five to eight yellow, white or pink, red, contains kronblattähnliche sepals, which have an elongated, elliptical or ovoid shape. There are five to eight small and tubular nectaries present, which sometimes have sterile anthers. There are ten to many (up to 36) stamens present with einnervigen, narrow lineal stamens and anthers ellipsoidal or circular. The flower are four to nine, rarely more free carpels present, ending in a visible scar. Each carpel contains six to nine ovules.

There are a total of four to nine, rarely more follicles, which are 2-3 mm long, straight or curved in the upper part, ending in a beak and each containing many seeds. The leveling off somewhat, ovoid to ellipsoid seeds have an olive - brown, smooth or reticulate sculptured surface.

The basic chromosome number of x = 8 All plant parts are poisonous.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Eranthis occurs in Eurasia.

The genus Eranthis was first described in 1807 by Richard Anthony Salisbury with the type species Eranthis hyemalis. The genus name derives it from Eranthis for spring and anthos for flower of the Greek words. A synonym for Eranthis Salisb. is cammarum Hill, nom. rej. The genus belongs to the tribe Eranthis Actaeeae in the subfamily Ranunculoideae within the family Ranunculaceae.

The genus Eranthis is divided into two sections with about seven species:

Eranthis sect. Eranthis:

• Winterling ( Eranthis hyemalis (L.) Salisb, Syn Eranthis cilicica Schott & Kotschy, Eranthis × tubergenii Hoog (E. cilicica × E. hyemalis ). ): Their range extends from Southern Europe to Afghanistan. It is used as an ornamental plant and occurs wild in Europe and North America.
• Eranthis longistipitata rule: This species is widespread in northeastern Iran and southern central Asia.

Eranthis sect. Shibateranthis ( Nakai ) Tamura: It is separated by some authors as a separate genus Shibateranthis Nakai:

• Eranthis albiflora Franchet: This endemic species grows only in the western part of China's Sichuan province.
• Eranthis lobulata WTWang: This endemic species thrives in the north - central and western part of China's Sichuan province.
• Eranthis pinnatifida Maxim .. This species occurs in Japan in the central and western Honshu.
• Eranthis sibirica DC. This species is native to Siberia.
• Eranthis stellata Maxim. It comes in the Ussuri region, in northern Korea and northeast China's Jilin and Liaoning ago.

Swell

• Hahnenfußgewächse