Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow

Fleischl Ernst Edler von Marxow (* August 5, 1846 in Vienna, † October 22, 1891 ) was an Austrian physiologist and inventor.

Life

Fleischl Ernst Edler von Marxow, son of Charles Noble of Fleischl Marxow and his wife Ida, born Marx, first studied mathematics, physics and chemistry, then medicine at the universities in Vienna and Leipzig. In 1870 he received his doctorate in Vienna for Dr. med and was initially - as during his studies - assistant of Ernst Wilhelm von bridge, then prosector at the Anatomical Institute and an assistant to Carl von Rokitansky. In an autopsy he was infected by the hand with ptomaine, a thumb had 'll amputated. As a result, he suffered life-long from painful neuromas in amputation stump that tried to treat his close friend Sigmund Freud in 1884 with cocaine. The addictive effect it was only discovered in the course of treatment, long-term consequences of this injury were then also the cause of his death.

Fleischl turned to after his accident of nerve and muscle physiology, and 1872 was assistant of Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig in Leipzig, after his return to Vienna in 1873, then again at Ernst Wilhelm von Bridge, where he qualified as a lecturer. In 1880 he was A.O. Professor of Physiology at the University of Vienna.

He dealt with circulation problems and contributed to nerve and muscle physiology as well as to the physical and physiological optics. He constructed several instruments, improved the 1872 developed by Gabriel Lippmann capillary electrometer and invented the Hämometer. He reported on the World Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876. In 1883 he succeeded the first derivative of brain electrical activity over the scalp, which he created an essential prerequisite for electroencephalography.

Fleischl was appointed Knight of the Order of Franz Joseph and from 1887 was a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna.

Publications

  • About the construction of the So-Called thyroid, the frog. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vienna 1868.
  • A gap in Kant's philosophy and Eduard von Hartmann. Roesner, Vienna 1872.
  • Study of the laws of nervous excitement. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vienna 1875-80.
  • The double refraction of light in liquids. Vienna 1884.
  • The deformation of the optical surface in the magnetic field. Vienna 1885.
  • Mitt healing, concerning the physiology of the cerebral cortex. Zentralblatt Physiology, 1890
  • Entire treatises. Edited by Otto Fleischl of Marxow. With a bibliographical sketch of Sigmund Exner. Barth, Leipzig / Wien 1893.
Carl Ludwig Lippmann electrometer Centennial Exposition Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann Salomon Wininger Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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