Eugène Viollet-le-Duc

Eugène Emmanuel Viollet -le- Duc ( born January 27, 1814 Paris, † September 17, 1879 in Lausanne, Switzerland ) was a French architect, conservators and art historians; He achieved fame by his restorations of medieval buildings and its scientific work on architectural history.

Life

From the early 1840s he contributed significantly to the restoration movement medieval buildings in France. By Prosper Mérimée, he was commissioned in 1840 to restore the abbey church of Vezelay. This was the beginning of a long series of restoration works ( Notre- Dame in Paris, cathedrals of Saint- Denis, Amiens, Reims, Clermont- Ferrand, the fortifications of Carcassonne, Basilica of Saint- Sernin in Toulouse, castle Pierrefonds Castle Roquetaillade etc. ) due to which Viollet -Le- Duc was a leading restorer in France. He was never Inspector General of Historic Monuments in France, but in 1853 the superintendent of all religious buildings in France ( Inspecteur général des Edifices Diocésains ).

Its special services include the exploration of medieval architecture. Viollet -le- Duc published his research results 1854-1868 in the ten-volume Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle ( " Dictionary of French Architecture from the 11th to the 16th century "). For this purpose he made during his research trips to a variety of high-quality drawings documenting the floor plans, elevations and details as well as show his attempts at reconstruction of medieval buildings.

His knowledge of medieval building technology benefited both the restoration of historic buildings as well as the solution of contemporary construction projects. His designs contributed Viollet -le- Duc in the architecture of historicism. The work of Viollet -le- Duc in the field of heritage conservation is still controversial in the research. " Restored " buildings could end up in a state that they never had. They are sometimes also referred to pejoratively as vandalisme restaurateurs ( " restoration Vandals " ) Viollet -le- Duc and his students. Your opponent they found in John Ruskin.

1869 Viollet- le -Duc, one of the first foreigners honorary member ( Hon.RA ) of the British Royal Academy of Arts has been selected.

Work ( selection of his restoration work )

  • Ste -Marie- Madeleine de Vezelay
  • Notre Dame de Paris
  • Basilica of Saint- Denis, near Paris
  • Saint -Louis de Poissy
  • Semur -en- Auxois
  • Saint- Nazaire in Carcassonne
  • St- Sernin de Toulouse
  • Chapel Roquetaillade
  • Saint -Antonin
  • Narbonne
  • Castle Roquetaillade
  • Castle of Pierrefonds
  • City walls of Carcassonne
  • City walls of Avignon
  • Castle Coucy
  • Bishop's Palace in Sens

Some students

Writings

  • Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle, 10 volumes, Paris 1854-1868 ( German Edition Part: Definitions Seven keywords from the Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture with a German - French contents of the nine -volume edition of the " Dictionary " of. , 1869. Birkhäuser Architecture library, among other things, Basel 1993)
  • Dictionnaire raisonné du Mobilier français de l' époque Carlovingienne à la Renaissance. Multivolume Work. Paris 1868. Electronic document, full text
  • Histoire de l' habitation humaine. Paris 1875. Electronic document, full text
  • Questions and Answers sur l'architecture. 2 vols. Paris 1863-1872; Reprint Brussels 1977
Amiens Cathedral Château de Pierrefonds Semur-en-Auxois Château de Coucy Structurae Integrated Authority File
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