François Devienne

François Devienne ( born January 31, 1759 in Joinville, Haute -Marne, † September 5, 1803 in Charenton -Saint- Maurice) was a French composer and flautist of classical music.

Life

François Devienne was born the seventh of eight children from his second marriage Sattler Pierre Devienne. His older brother has brought him in early childhood play several instruments at, he received further lessons from the organist of his hometown. With ten years he has already composed a Mass, which, playing the musicians of the Royal Cavalry Regiment Royale Cravate.

1776, he followed his older brother to the court of Zweibrücken and received further instruction until 1778. From the end of 1779 Devienne played in the orchestra of the Paris Opera bassoon, where he probably remained for a year. He took lessons with Felix Rault. The music lover and patron Baron de Bagge made ​​at this time for his maintenance.

From 1780 to 1785 he was a chamber musician at Cardinal Louis -René de Rohan. During this time he composed chamber music, a bassoon concerto and several flute concertos. He was a member of the Société Olympique, a Masonic Concert Society with its own large orchestra, for which Haydn wrote his symphonies Paris.

He made his solo debut in 1782 at the Concert spiritual with its own Flute Concerto, 1784, he was playing one of his bassoon concertos and a year later his Sinfonia Concertante for Horn, Bassoon and Orchestra and the Sinfonia Concertante for Oboe and Bassoon were born there performance. These first concerts were so successful that Devienne to 1785 had twenty more performances at this institution. 1791 Devienne was principal flute at the Paris Opera. Beginning of the 1790s, he composed his first stage work, " Le marriage clandestin ". His first big success was his fourth opera Opéra- comique ' Les Visitandines " of 1792, which made him instantly famous with more than 200 performances. By the end of the century, followed by other operas, which were adopted more or less successful. It was not until his last two stage works Les Comédiens ambulants (1798 ) and " Le Valet des deux maîtres " (1799 ) were huge audience again.

François Devienne was an important teacher of music, he was one of the teachers of the " École de musique gratuite de la Garde nationale ", a free school for the children of the National Guard, which was renamed in 1795 in the Conservatoire de musique. For educational purposes, he wrote his major Flute School " Nouvelle Méthode théorique et pratique pour la flute ", which was adapted in the mid-19th century to the modern flute.

Afflicted with a nervous disorder, Devienne came in 1803 in the mental hospital " Asil de Charenton " (east of Paris), where he died shortly afterwards.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the French flutist Jean -Pierre Rampal made ​​Deviennes earned through numerous performances and recordings to the rediscovery of the music.

Works

Works for wind