Friedrich Delitzsch

Friedrich Delitzsch ( born September 3, 1850 in Erlangen, † December 19, 1922 in Long Schwalbach near Wiesbaden ) was a German Assyriologist.

Life

Delitzsch was born as the son of the Lutheran Old Testament scholar and Hebraist Franz Delitzsch. He studied from 1868, first in Leipzig by Franz Delitzsch, Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer and Ludolf Krehl Oriental and Indo-European Herrmann Brockhaus, Georg Curtius and Ernst Windisch languages ​​since 1871 in Berlin Ethiopian in August Dillmann and Sanskrit at Albrecht Weber and graduated with studies on Indo-European - Semitic root relationship from. The plan, to habilitate for Sanskrit, he gave after a fateful encounter with the Old Testament, Eberhard Schrader in Jena, who introduced him to the recently newly developed Assyrian, on and habilitated shortly thereafter (1874 ) for Semitic languages ​​and Assyriology in Leipzig, where he was an associate in 1877, full professor in 1885. In 1893 he was appointed as a full professor in Breslau and in 1899 as successor to his former teacher assyriological to Berlin at the Friedrich- Wilhelms- University of Berlin.

He was co-founder and promoter of the German Oriental Society, and since 1899 director of the Near Eastern department of the Royal Museums. Its special merits lie in the study of ancient Near Eastern languages ​​( Assyrian / Akkadian ), for which in the course of his life he created a set of basic tools, and the promotion of Old Testament textual criticism. Furthermore circles he was known for his published in numerous modified versions and translations lectures on ' Babel and Bible ' (1902-1905), which triggered the Babel - Bible controversy.

In the wake of the Babel - Bible controversy he increasingly took over his life, a critical attitude towards the Old Testament. Very far in this regard is his work The Great Deception (see below), in which he calls for, among other things, to remove the Old Testament of the Christian canon, and finally suspected after Paul and other main even an Aryan origin of Jesus Christ. He used in the confrontation with his opponents in the Babel - Bible controversy from 1903 increasingly argumentative patterns that were used in the anti-Jewish polemics of his time. However Delitzsch denied himself until his death vehemently any anti-Semitic attitude. Indeed shows the biographical and scholarly review of his statements to the Old Testament, in that his racist anti-Semitism existed no subjectively, but a growing theological anti-Judaism. His rejection of the Old Testament was based largely on his ( biographically related ) theological inability historical text research and theology fruitfully combine with each other, making him theologically discredited sustainable despite its undoubted importance as Assyriologist and in spite of fundamental contributions to Old Testament textual criticism.

Delitzsch was the father of four sons and two daughters. A son was the lawyer Kurt Delitzsch.

Writings

  • Studies of Indo-European - Semitic root relationship. In 1873. Reprint 1884.
  • Assyriologische studies. In 1874.
  • Assyriologische reading pieces. In 1904.
  • Where was paradise?, 1881.
  • Hebrew language viewed in the light of Assyrian research. In 1883.
  • Language of Kossäer. In 1884.
  • Prolegomena of a new Hebrew -Aramaic Dictionary of the Old Testament. In 1886.
  • Assyrian dictionary to total previously published cuneiform literature, taking into account numerous unpublished texts., 1887.
  • Assyrian grammar., 1889.
  • History of Babylonia and Assyria. In 1891.
  • Deciphering the Cappadocian cuneiform tablets. In 1893.
  • Assyrian pocket dictionary. From 1894 to 1896. Reprint 1968.
  • The Babylonian creation epic. 1897.
  • The emergence of the oldest writing system or origin of the cuneiform characters. 1897.
  • Ex Oriente Lux! A word about the support of the German Oriental Society. In 1898.
  • The Book of Job recompiled and briefly explained. In 1902.
  • Babel and Bible. In 1902. Speech by Delitzsch on 13 January in front of the German Oriental Society in Berlin. Revisions in 1903, 1905 and 1921.
  • Second lecture on Babel and Bible. 1903 and 1904 appeared in new editions.
  • Babel and Bbel. A Retrospect and Prospect. In 1904.
  • Babel and Bible. Third (final ) lecture. In 1905.
  • In the land of the former paradise. In 1903.
  • More light. The most significant results of the Babylonian- Assyrian excavations of history culture and religion. In 1907.
  • For further development of the religion., 1908.
  • Palace gates of Shalmaneser II 1908.
  • Trade and commerce in Altbabylonien. , 1909.
  • The country without returning home. The thoughts of the Babylonians, Assyrians about death and the afterlife., 1911.
  • Assyrian reading pieces with elements of grammar and complete glossary. 5th edition 1912.
  • Sumerian grammar., 1914.
  • Sumerian glossary., 1914.
  • Classified the read and write error in the Old Testament, together with the texts of Scripture which incorporated margin notes. An auxiliary directory for lexicon and grammar, exegesis and reading., 1920.
  • The great deception. Critical Reflections on the Old Testament reports about Israel's entry into Canaan, God's revelation at Sinai and the effectiveness of the prophets. 1920/1921. Reprint 1934.
  • The great deception. Second (final ) part. Continued critical considerations to the Old Testament, especially the prophets, scriptures and psalms, together with conclusions. In 1921. Reprint 1926.
Christoph Krehl Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin Panbabylonism Paul Haupt Neue Deutsche Biographie Heinrich Zimmern Benno Landsberger Johannes Friedrich (linguist) Walter Andrae Integrated Authority File
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