Fulcher of Chartres

Fulcher of Chartres, latin Fulcherus Carnotensis, Foucher de Chartres French (* 1059 in or near Chartres, France; † in Jerusalem probably 1127 ) was a participant and one of the most important chroniclers of the First Crusade ( 1096-1099 ).

Life

Fulchers vocation as a chaplain in 1097 suggests that he had enjoyed a religious education until the priest, most likely at the school in Chartres. But he was probably not a member of the cathedral chapter, since it does not list the the " Dignitaires de l' Eglise de Notre- Dame de Chartres " directory. Together with Bishop Ivo of Chartres, who coined with his reforming zeal and his still insightful prepare attitude to kingship Fulchers thinking about the church, he was present at the Council of Clermont in 1095.

In the wake of Count Stephen of Blois - Chartres itself Fulcher in 1096 made ​​his way through southern France and northern Italy towards Rome to go to Constantinople Opel, where gathered the army of crusaders. Together with the crusader army pulls Fulcher through Asia Minor. In Marash, shortly before Antioch, he was appointed in 1097 chaplain of Count Baldwin of Boulogne. He follows his new master after cleavage from the main army to Edessa, the Count Baldwin is. After the conquest of Jerusalem in 1099 Fulcher Baldwin follows in the city. After Baldwin became King of Jerusalem in 1100, Fulcher moved on with his Lord to Jerusalem and probably remained until 1115 Kaplan Baldwin.

He then resigned from office and was a canon of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, where he probably amplified took care of the Cross relic, possibly even as " guardians of treasure " ( thesaurus sancti sepulchri ). Fulcher died most likely in the fall 1127th

The chronicle Historia Hierosolymitana

Fulcher begins his chronicle Historia Hierosolymitana earliest in late autumn 1100, by the autumn of 1101 in a no longer extant today version, which must already come in his lifetime to Europe, however.

He bases his work with the insistence of some traveling companions ( compares mei), which probably belonged to Baldwin I, " to be not fall prey to forget what was worth the memory." This was him at least one library in Jerusalem available that helped him in the drafting of the chronicle. In this library, the Gesta Francorum Expugnantium Iherusalem of Raymond of Aguilers must have been present, which serve as his sources about the individual traits.

Fulcher divides his chronicle of content in three books:

  • The first book is about the preparations for the First Crusade at Clermont in 1095 to the conquest of Jerusalem and establishment of the Kingdom of Jerusalem by Godfrey of Bouillon.
  • The second book tells the deeds Baldwin I, the successor of Godfrey and King of Jerusalem from 1100 to 1118.
  • The third and final book tells about the life of King Baldwin II and aborts with the description of an epidemic in 1127 in Jerusalem, suggesting the death Fulchers.

Fulchers work has been used by many later chroniclers. William of Tyre took the Chronicle partly as a source. Also, Guibert of Nogent, a contemporary Fulchers in Europe, knew his work. His work may be - as any other medieval or modern historical work - but not be considered a hundred percent true. Some details have been refuted by recent research, or related to other chroniclers contrary.

Expenditure

  • Collection of mémoires relatifs à l' histoire de France. Tome VIII Therein: translation of François Guizot ( 1787-1874 ). Paris 1825
  • Fulcherio Carnotensi, Gestis Francorum Iherusalem Peregrinantium, ed. in: Recueil des historiens of croisades (1866 ), Historiens occidentaux III, pp. 311-485
  • Fulcheri Carnotensis Historia Hierosolymitana. Latin original text, with notes and an appendix published by Henry Hagen Meyer. Winter, Heidelberg, 1913
  • Fulcher of Chartres: A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem, 1095-1127. Translation by Frances Rita Ryan. Edited by H. S. Fink. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville 1969
  • Foucher de Chartres: Histoire de la Croisade. Le récit d'un témoin de la Première Croisade. From 1095 to 1106. Translation by François Guizot (1825 ). Edited by Jeanne Ménard. Cosmo Pole, Paris 2001 ISBN 2-84630-001-1
Stephen, Count of Blois Baldwin I of Jerusalem Şanlıurfa Lexikon des Mittelalters Integrated Authority File
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