Gandersheim Abbey

The pin Gander home ( from which the present-day town of Bad Gandersheim emerged in Lower Saxony), was founded in 852 by the Saxon duke Liudolf, the ancestor and namesake of the Liudolfinger. For this project, he was on a pilgrimage to Rome by Pope Sergius II approval and necessary for the establishment of the holy relics Popes Anastasius and Innocent. The Convention was first settled until the completion of the monastery and the collegiate church in Brunshausen monastery.

The pin Gander home was his character after a princely family pen and determined, after its inception equipped, to speedy flower.

Pen life

The " Imperial free secular realm pen Gander home ," as it is officially called as Imperial Abbey since the 13th century until its dissolution in 1810, was a community of unmarried daughters high nobles families who wanted to live a godly life in this woman pin. The term " secular " is " monastic " to understand as opposed to, not as opposed to " church " in the modern sense. The residents were called " Canonichesse " or " canonesses "; after the Reformation, they were referred to as "Pen Women ." They had privately owned and took off no eternal vows, so they could leave at any time out of the pen. The Ottonian and Salian emperors stayed with her entourage often in Gander home. It was by no means a contemplative and world remote from life, which led the canonesses. In addition to the Memoria for the founder's family was one of the tasks of canonesses and thus the pin the training and education of noble daughters. The students need not necessarily even be canonesses.

Collegiate Church

In the Collegiate Church, one can see the Romanesque church, which has been extended with Gothic additions. The Collegiate Church in Bad Gandersheim is a cruciform basilica with a equipped with two towers west building. It consists of a flat-roofed long house with Saxon alternation of supports and two vaulted aisles. The transept has a transverse rectangular crossing with approximately square cross arms and because the transverse rectangular choir bay connects. Under transept and choir is a hall crypt. The west building consists of two towers with a connecting building that has two floors. Originally, the West still work a projecting porch with upper floor, the so-called paradise.

The existing church was begun in 1100 and consecrated in 1168. Remains of earlier buildings are integrated into the church. The building is now open to visitors reshaped by restoration of the 19th and 20th centuries.

The ringing of the church consists of eight bells - 6 Läute and 2 Uhrschlagglocken making it one of the largest in southern Lower Saxony.

History

Foundation

852 Gandersheimer the pin of Count Liudolf and his wife Oda was founded. These had at a pilgrimage to Rome by Pope Sergius II for permission to set up a pin woman sought and the relics of the holy popes Anastasius and Innocent obtained which are the titular saint of the collegiate church until today. Liudolf is the progenitor of the Liudolfinger, emerged from their family the Ottonian kings.

First, the Convention was settled in the monastery Brunshausen, the line took over Hathumod, daughter of pin founding couple. The following two abbesses were daughters Liudolf. 856 The construction of the Collegiate Church in Gander home was begun, and 881 could Wigbert Bishop of Hildesheim the church on the holy Anastasius, Innocent and John consecrate the Baptist. After 29 years of the Convention was able to move into the new church.

Even the pin 877 by King Louis the Younger was placed under the protection of the empire, and thus received considerable independence. 919 King Henry I confirmed the imperial immediacy of the pen. This close interaction with the empire had the consequence that the pin had to accommodate in his travels through the kingdom of the king. Various visits of kings are listed.

The pin in the Ottonian period

The foundation of the monastery by the progenitor of the Liudolfinger ( Ottonian ) gave special importance of the pen on imperial level. Until the foundation of the monastery of Quedlinburg in 936 Gander home was the most important Ottonian family pen. The Collegiate Church was one of the grave sites of the Ottonian family.

To 973 the pen housed one of his most well-known of the Canon, Hrotsvit ( Roswitha ) of Gander Home, considered the first German poet; she wrote spiritual writings, historical dramas and seals. Your devotion to Emperor Otto I brought them into the " Gesta Ottonis " ("The deeds of Otto " ) to express one written in Latin hexameters work on the family history and the political work of Otto the Great.

In the so-called " Great Gandersheimer dispute" at the turn of the 11th and 12th century the Hildesheim Bishop filed for claims to the pen so that the Sisters of the Canon annäherten through its location on the unclear boundary between the dioceses of Mainz and Hildesheim to the Archbishop of Mainz. This competence has been discussed at various synods and only the full Exemtionsprivileg by Pope Innocent III. from June 22, 1206 freed the pin of the claims of the bishop of Hildesheim. From then on, the abbesses could call " Empire princesses ".

With the death of the last Salierkönigs 1125 the importance of the pen took off and it became more and more dependent on the country gentlemen. Especially the Guelph tried until the dissolution of the pin to extend their influence over the pin. It was the pen not possible to establish its own national sovereignty. At least since the mid-70s of the 13th century, the Dukes of Brunswick were able to secure the advocacy of the pen. They built at the end of the 13th century a castle in Gander home. Another way to get influence on the pen, to put nobles related to the chair was the Abbess. This was achieved for the first time in 1402 with the abbess Sophia III. , Princess of Brunswick- Lüneburg.

The Reformation

After initial calm in the turmoil of the Reformation, the Principality of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel was in 1542 occupied by troops of the Smalcald League and introduced the Reformation. The Reformers ignored the imperial immediacy of the pin and arranged on the Protestant services. Due to the absence of the dean, who ruled the pen for the first seven years of abbess, who canonesses could to delay the execution. The citizens of Gander home had received the Reformers -off, and on July 13, 1543, there was an iconoclasm in the collegiate church in which citizens and the mob destroyed altars. But Duke Henry the Younger was able to return, and the Principality moved back to the Catholic faith. He replaced partially the damage and the church was rededicated. It was not until the Reformation in 1568 by Duke Julius of Brunswick was finally introduced. The pen and his own monasteries Brunshausen and clusters were Protestant, dissolved the Marie Monastery and the Franciscan Monastery. There was subsequently further disputes between the Abbess of the Duke and because both wanted to expand their influence. It was not until 1593 that disputes were finally resolved in a contract.

The pin in the Baroque period

Among the abbesses Henriette Christine of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel and Elisabeth Ernestine of Saxe- Meiningen began a new heyday of woman pin. They promoted the arts and sciences. Elisabeth Ernestine Antonie was the summer palace Brunshausen and Baroque wing of the abbey building with the Emperor's Hall and was responsible for the decoration of the church.

The lifting of the pen in 1802

1802 was the pen his imperial immediacy in a contract in order to escape the threat of secularization. The pin placed himself under the sovereignty of the House of Brunswick -Wolfenbüttel. The lengthy battle for the kingdom of freedom in contrast to the Guelph dukes had ended.

In the time of the French occupation Gandersheim part of the Kingdom of Westphalia. First, the abbess who had fled had returned with the permission of Napoleon in the pen and allowed to reside there. After her death on March 10, 1810 there was no election of a successor more. The abbey was dissolved the possessions slammed the Westphalian Krondomänen and compensated the pin members.

Even after the end of the Kingdom of the Duchy of Brunswick saw unwilling to restore the pen.

The pin at the present time

Today, the pin of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Anastasius pen and St. Innocent used. Restoration work was discovered in 1997 parts of the old church treasures, relics, textiles and relics containers. These will be issued as a church treasurer since March 2006, the portal to the story.

Äbtissinnenliste

→ See also: List of abbesses from Gander Home

Famous people

• Hrotsvit ( Roswitha from Gander home ) (* 935, † after 973), first German poet
• Johann Georg Leuckfeld (1668-1726), monastery researchers, historians, numismatists and biographer; worked first as secretary of the Abbess

Organ

The organ of the collegiate church was built in 2000 by the French organ builder Manufacture d' Orgues Muhleisen ( Strasbourg). The award-winning instrument has 50 stops, including seven transmissions from the main plant in the pedal and a pedal extendiertes register. The play and Registertrakturen are mechanical.

• Pairing: Normal Couplers: II / I, I / P, II / P
• Superoktavkoppeln:
• Suboktavkoppeln:

• In addition to register:

• Accessories:

Fixed combinations (p, f, Tutti ), 256-fold combination system, Crescendowalze. I / P - II / P - III / P manual couplers I / II - III / I - III / II 8 ' - III / II 16' double registration system mechanical electrical (15,000 combinations )