Gertrude Neumark
Gertrude Fanny Neumark, also: Gertrude Neumark Rothschild ( * April 29, 1927 in Nuremberg, † November 11, 2010 in Rye (New York)) was an American physicist and pioneer in the development of light emitting diodes ( LED).
Life
In 1935, the family from Nazi persecution of the Jews fled to the United States. Gertrude Neumark began her studies at Barnard College and then studied chemistry at Radcliffe College, where she earned a Master, and then at Columbia University, where in 1951 the Ph.D. received his doctorate.
From 1952 she worked in research for companies in the electrical industry, first in the Sylvania Research Laboratories in Baysie, NY and from 1960 to 1985 in the research department of Philips in Briarcliff Manor, New York. In 1982 she was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1982 to 1985 she was a visiting professor of materials science (material sciences ) at Columbia University and, in 1985, here the Department of Materials Science. In 1990 she was awarded the Foundation Chair Howe Professor of materials science and engineering.
Patents
Since the 1980s, Neumark explored the optical capabilities of certain semiconductors. Your results meant that she was the proprietor of patents in the semiconductor industry (wide - bandgap semiconductor technology), allowing the development of LEDs. In 2006 a settlement was reached with a series of LED producers that they had sued for infringement of their patents.
In 2008, she filed a complaint with the United States International Trade Commission to make prohibit the import of equipment, which were equipped with unlicensed LEDs according to their patent. Once the Commission began an investigation, the companies concerned with Neumark agreed on a license and about 27 million U.S. $ in royalties.
She was married to Henry Rothschild, but used in academic circles and Publications her birth name.