Glyceria

Ender flood plumes ( Glyceria fluitans ), inflorescence

Swaths ( Glyceria ), also swaths grass, sweet grass or Süßschwaden, are a genus of the family Gramineae ( Poaceae ).

Features

The representatives of the genus are perennial grasses that form mostly underground runners. The non-flowering renewal shoots grow out of the leaf sheaths ( extravaginal ). The stems are erect or geniculate - upright, have multiple nodes and are bald. The leaf sheaths are fused to the tip, glabrous and usually slightly rough. The ligule is a membranous usually frayed hem. Leaf blades are flat, gradually tapering to broadly rounded, and suddenly contracted hood -like. In the vernation the sheets are folded.

The inflorescences are large, spreading to contracted panicles. The spikelets are three-to many flowered, nearly round in cross section flattened to the side. All flowers are hermaphrodite. The Ährchenachse is divided over the upper glume and between the florets and decays to fruit ripening. The glumes are einnervig and shorter than the lowest lemma, membranous, glabrous and smooth to rough. The lemmas are 7 - to 9 - annoying (rarely 5 - to 11 - annoying ), have an ovoid to oblong - lanceolate shape, membranous and glabrous, smooth to rough, rounded without awn and back. The rim is wide trockenhäutig and transparent. The palea are two annoying and nearly as long as the lemmas. The keels are short- haired and often winged at the top. There are three, rarely two stamens. The ovary is bald and wears two long pencil with feathery scars.

The caryopses are oblong - ovate to obovate and bare. The embryo is elliptical and approximately one-fifth as long as the fruit. The navel is the form of lines and extends over the entire length of the fruit.

Several species contain cyanogenic glycoside which Triglochinin.

System

The genus is placed in windrows the subfamily Pooideae, tribe Meliceae within the family Poaceae. The genus includes about 40 species.

The occurring in Central Europe species are:

  • Blue-green swaths ( Glyceria declinata Breb. ); Home: Macaronesia, Europe, naturalized in North America
  • Ender flood plumes ( Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br ); Home: Eurasia, North Africa, naturalized in North America, Chile, Australia and New Zealand
  • Nordic swaths ( Glyceria lithuanica ( Gorski ) Gorski ); Home: North-Eastern Europe, in Asia, from the Caucasus to China, Japan and the Kuril
  • Water plumes ( Glyceria maxima ( Hartm. ) Holmb. ); Home: Europe
  • Hain- swath ( Glyceria nemoralis (R. Uechtr ) R. Uechtr & Koern. .. ); Home: Europe, Turkey
  • Folded swaths ( Glyceria notata Chevall; Syn. Glyceria plicata ( Fr.) Fr ); Home: Eurasia, North West Africa
  • Striped swaths ( Glyceria striata ( Lam.) Hitchc. ); Home: North America, naturalized in places in Europe

A naturally occurring hybrids in Central Europe is the bastard - swath ( Glyceria × pedicellata F. Towns. Glyceria fluitans = × Glyceria notata ).

The grass database of Kew Gardens yet also lists the following ways:

  • Glyceria acutiflora Torr.
  • Glyceria alnasteretum Kom
  • Glyceria arkansana Fernald
  • Glyceria arundinacea Kunth
  • Glyceria australis C.E. Hubb.
  • Glyceria borealis ( Nash ) batch.
  • Glyceria canadensis ( Michx. ) Trin.
  • Glyceria caspia Trin.
  • Glyceria chinensis Keng ex Z.L. Wu
  • Glyceria colombiana GIR. - Cañas.
  • Glyceria depauperata Ohwi
  • Glyceria drummondii ( Steud. ) C.E. Hubb.
  • Glyceria elata ( Nash ) M.E. Jones
  • Glyceria formosensis Ohwi
  • Glyceria grandis S. Watson
  • Glyceria insularis C.E. Hubb.
  • Glyceria ischyroneura Steud.
  • Glyceria leptolepis Ohwi
  • Glyceria leptorrhiza ( Maxim. ) Com
  • Glyceria leptostachya Buckley
  • Glyceria melicaria ( Michx. ) C.E. Hubb.
  • Glyceria multiflora Steud.
  • Glyceria nubigena W. A. Anderson
  • Glyceria obtusa ( Muhl. ) Trin.
  • Glyceria occidentalis ( Piper ) J. C. Nelson
  • Glyceria pulchella ( Nash ) K. Schum.
  • Glyceria saltensis Sulekic & Rugolo
  • Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc.
  • Glyceria spicata cast.
  • Glyceria spiculosa ( J. A. Schmidt) Roshev. ex B. Fedtsch.
  • Glyceria tonglensis C.B. Clarke

The former Glyceria triflora Nutt. is today used as a synonym to Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Documents

  • Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil Fitschen - interactive ( CD -Rom ), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
Robert Brown (botanist) Perennial plant Husk Ovary (botany) Stigma (botany) Caryopsis Cereal germ Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew) Humboldt Bay
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