Hammer and pick

The symbol hammer and chisel is used wherever a close relationship with the mining industry to be expressed. It represents the two crossed miner tools mallets and mountain iron, which were the basic tools of the miner in the historic mining.

The tools

According to the mining terminology include hammer and chisel to Gezähe of the miner.

• The mallet is a percussion hammer with a square cross section and a wooden stick - he's a sledge hammer ( hammer fist ), or a larger Päuschel ( plunger).
• The mountain is an iron wedge or chisel- like tool, which is maintained with a stalk. The handle of the iron is not wedged in the hole, but only plugged relatively loose and projects - as can be seen in the symbol - beyond the pointed iron. So it can be easily separated from the stalk and a new iron are plugged. This was during a work shift several times necessary, because the pointed iron was dull quickly. Therefore, the miner always took more iron to the work that needed to be sharpened again after the shift in the Bergschmiede.

For the work in the mining sector, other tools were such as wedge sculpting, used to strike softer ore or quartz. In English ( hammer and pick ) is the pick (pick ) referred to, would be more precise, the two flat pick meant ( flights Makers), while the German symbol two different hammer-like tools shows, with the latter more ( the iron) as the stone ax - more precisely: the surface with transverse stationary blade in the form of the adze - the stonework can be seen. Other pictures variants show a gap or driving iron, a set hammer, a tool to track and fin - on the web you hit with a hammer to drive the blade into the stone. Which form is used depends on the local rock.

Hammer and chisel were formerly used in mining. This manual work was for centuries the only lasting technology for propulsion of tunnels, drifts and shafts through the solid rock. Only in the 17th century displaced shooting with black powder this manual labor.

• Various iron coat of arms

Schladming Tauern Low: nonferrous metal ores in fissile shales / limestones

Copper Mountain, Franconia forest and Fichtelgebirge: Copper in shales ( pestle and copper hammer embossed thick)

Barsinghausen, Deister: sandstones as stone

Historical coal mining in Gelsenkirchen and other cities of the Ruhr

Kaub shale mining in particular the pit Wilhelm Erbstollen

Historical silver mining in Clausthal- Zellerfeld in the Harz Mountains, Lower Saxony

The symbol

Since the first half of the 16th century, it is as a miner coat of arms in use, in which the two tools are arranged in the form of a St. Andrew's Cross, and indeed as it would put the miner after work: Decorated in the left hand, iron is the handle to the left and the wood chisels right aligned and guided with the right hand mallets, with which the iron is struck on the loszubrechende rock, has with the handle to the right and head up the left.

In Germany the design in DIN 21800 06 /89 is fixed. Based on a dimension table for every detail, this symbol of 100 mm diameter in 10 different sized steps are constructed to a level of 1000 mm.

In Unicode character U 2692 ⚒ HAMMER AND PICK ( Unicode Miscellaneous Symbols block ) is present.

Use

House decoration in food, Schinkelstraße in Moltkeviertel

Weather vane of briquette Herrmann shaft in Zeitz

As a symbol

Today you can find the character in the following meanings:

• So it can stand in general for labor, and thus show in operating
• In some countries, on road signs, in course books, including the validity of business days symbolize.
• In cards are by the character mining areas, particularly mines and opencast mines symbolizes upside down abandoned mines are symbolized

As a coat of arms image

Hammer and chisel point on many coats of arms on the mining history of the region or of the place. They are a common figure in heraldry. The color is often black, or heraldic metal gold and silver.

Abertamy: In silver and gold

Bodenwoehr: graphically in Gold

Telnice: In natural colors