Hans Berliner
Hans Jack Berliner ( born January 27, 1929 in Berlin) is an American systems analyst and the 5th Correspondence Chess World Champion. Berlin lives in Pittsburgh.
Life
Berliner, professor emeritus of Artificial Intelligence at Carnegie -Mellon University and was involved in the development of the chess program HiTech, also has a backgammon program, BKG 9.8 was developed. This was the first game program that was capable of a world champion - Luigi Villa (June 1979) - to defeat.
Berliner's family emigrated in 1937 from Nazi Germany to the United States. As a 13 -year-old, he learned chess. He made rapid progress in this game. In 1951, he returned as a soldier to Bad Kreuznach and played two years on top board of the " Kreuznacher chess club 1921 ", where he won all the games. In 1952 he was part of the U.S. Olympic team in Helsinki. In 1956 he won before the young Robert James Fischer, the championship of the Eastern states of the USA. In 1957 he was on the U.S. national championship in fifth place.
Correspondence chess, he runs since the 1950s. In the years 1955, 1956 and 1959, he became a master of the USA in this discipline, each with the astonishing result of 18, -0, = 0, which demonstrated his house high skill level.
The opening act for 1 5 Correspondence Chess World Championship from 1962 to 1963 he was able to win just 11.5 points from 13 games. Second was Manfred Mädler with 11 points, was able to defeat the Berlin in a complicated bishop ending. With great superiority (3 points ahead ) won the Berlin then the final round of 5 Correspondence Chess World Championship, which was held from 1965 to 1968. Was particularly well known here his game with Black against Yakov Borisovich Estrin, in Berlin in the Fritz - variant, sacrificed a knight, and finally won in a rook ending.
He no longer defended his title hereafter. Merely to participate in the ICCF 50 years World Champions Jubilee Tournament, which took place from 2001 to 2004 and nine Correspondence Chess World Champion gathered in a tournament, he was persuaded. There, he finished with 3.5 points the 6th Place. Berlin is considered in correspondence chess as perfectionist who is always looking for the best train.
After winning the Correspondence Chess World Championship, he devoted himself to research in the field of artificial intelligence and the development of chess computers.
He caused a sensation with his published in 1999 book The system in which he claims that the best opening move is 1.d4 and White could reach clear advantage in all variants. This may not show all the details of course Berlin. However, he believes to have found a "system", according to its principles, the evidence in each individual case would lead. He cited, among others, the Grünfeld Indian Defence, which he 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 with the variant g6 3.Nc3 d5 5.e4 4.cxd5 Nxd5 Sxc3 6.bxc3 c5 7.Lc4 Bg7 8.Se2 Nc6 9.Le3 0-0 10.Tc1 11.Kf1 cxd4 Qa5 12.cxd4 refuted as potentially look. Reviewers, however, were skeptical whether the Berliner only roughly sketched " system " could in practice lead to the desired results.
The German grandmaster Robert Hübner -reviewed Berliner's work in detail in ChessBase Magazine (No. 79 and No. 80) and came to the conclusion " that the system is a belief system. (...) The mind can not win a grip on what is offered, but he is not even; Allegiance and faith provide security. "
Works
- Chess as problem solving: the development of a tactic analyzer (1979 )
- As Editor: Computer Game Playing. American Association for Artificial Intelligence ( 1988)
- As Editor: Computer Chess (1990 )
- The System (1999), Gambit Publications London, ISBN 1-901983-102, ISBN 978-1-901983-10-4