Hieracium cymosum

Trugdoldiges hawkweed ( Pilosella cymosa )

The Trugdoldige hawkweed ( Pilosella cymosa ) is a species of the genus Pilosella within the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). It is widespread in Europe.

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaf

The Trugdoldige hawkweed grows as overwintering green, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches the heights of growth of mostly 30 to 80, rarely up to 100 centimeters. Foothills are missing. The stalk is pithy and covered with up to only 2 mm long hairs ( trichomes ).

The leaves are almost all together in a basal rosette; there are a few leaves alternate on the stem distributed before. The grass - green to bright, simple basal leaves are obovate to lanceolate. The basal leaves are usually plenty of fluffy on both sides covered with short (0.5 mm) and stellate hairs simple, long (5 mm), bristly, light hair and are on both sides flaky. There are usually one to four, rarely up to eight simple stem leaves present.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering period is at the end of the full Spring ranges in Central Europe from May to July, in the mountains until August. The doldige, rarely doldenrispige, often initially knäuelige, dense overall inflorescence has 5-20 branches and usually contains 20 to 50 (10 to 100) basket- shaped part inflorescences. The bracts are bare to ample or even " furry " soft and scattered to abundantly covered with glandular and simple hairs with stellate hairs. The flower heads contain only ray florets. The ray florets are pale to deep yellow. The zweiästige pen is yellow.

Ecology

The Trugdoldige hawkweed is a Hemikryptophyt.

There is insect pollination, self-pollination and seed formation without pollination. There is wind propagation, Velcro propagation and spread of ants.

Occurrence and risk

The closed area of ​​distribution of the Trugdoldigen hawk herb ranges from the Massif Central through Central Europe (excluding the North German Plain ) northeast to the Urals. East of the Urals exist only a few island-like part areas. In northern Europe, there is hardly enough above the Arctic Circle ( in Iceland it is missing). The southern boundary of the site extends from Sardinia to Italy and northern Greece to the north-western Turkey. In the rest of Turkey so far only single finds were registered. The subspecies have a slightly different distribution ( see below).

The Trugdoldige hawkweed needs calcareous, moderately dry, humus-rich, stony, loose, loamy soil, but it also goes on loess.

There populated semi-arid grassland, Raine and dry bushes in climate- favored areas.

In Central Europe it is rare in wine-growing areas of northern Upper Rhine to the Middle Rhine, the Mosel, the Lahn Valley, Main and Neckar, in the Swabian Alb, in the southern Bavarian Forest and the Central and Southern Alps; east of it you will find only individual- poor stocks.

In Switzerland, the Trugdoldige hawkweed is at risk in all areas: in the Jura endangered ( EN ), and even threatened in the western Jura Endangered (CR ), the Central Plateau endangered ( EN ) and the Western Plateau even threatened with extinction (CR), on the western Northern Alps endangered ( EN ), and on the eastern Northern Alps even regionally extinct (RE ) in the western central Alps near threatened (NT), in the Eastern Central Alps vulnerable (VU), threatened in the Southern Alps endangered (CR ) and threatened with extinction in Ticino (CR).

System

The first publication was in 1763 under the name ( basionym ) Hieracium cymosum by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2nd Edition, Volume VI, 1126. The recombination to Pilosella cymosa (L.) FWSchultz & Sch.Bip. published in 1862 by Friedrich Wilhelm Schultz and Carl Heinrich Schultz in Flora, vol 45, p 429.

Other synonyms for Pilosella cymosa (L.) FWSchultz & Sch.Bip. are: Hieracium arctogenum ( Norrl. ) Norrl, Hieracium collinum Gochnat, Hieracium ensiferum Norrl, Hieracium erraticum Norrl, Hieracium eusciadium ( Naegeli & Peter ) Dahlst, Hieracium granitophilum ( Norrl. ) Norrl, Hieracium holmense ( Naegeli & Peter. .. .. ) Dahlst. , Hieracium lamprochaetoides Norrl. , Hieracium leptadenium ( Dahlst. ) Dahlst. , Hieracium litoreum Norrl. nom. illeg. , Hieracium mollisetum ( Naegeli & Peter ) Prain, Hieracium pycnochaetum burner, Hieracium scotodes Norrl. , Hieracium semilitoreum Norrl. , Hieracium signiferum ( Norrl. ) Üksip, Hieracium syrjaenorum (tooth) Üksip, Hieracium tabergense ( Dahlst. ) Prain, Hieracium tenacicaule Norrl. , Hieracium trichocymosum (tooth) Üksip, Pilosella arctogena Norrl. , Pilosella collina ( Gochnat ) Soják, Pilosella ensifera ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella erratica ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella eusciadia ( Naegeli & Peter ) Schljakov, Pilosella granitophila ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella holmensis ( Naegeli & Peter ) Schljakov, Pilosella Leptadenia ( Dahlst. ) Schljakov, Pilosella molliseta ( Naegeli & Peter ) Schljakov, Pilosella scotodes ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella semilitorea ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella signifera ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella syrjaenorum (tooth) Schljakov, Pilosella tabergensis ( Dahlst. ) Schljakov, Pilosella tenacicaulis ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella trichocymosa (tooth) Schljakov.

There are three subspecies of Pilosella cymosa:

• Pilosella cymosa (L.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. subsp. cymosa ( Hieracium cymosum subsp. arctogenum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. ensiferum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. eusciadium Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. granitophilum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. holmense ( Naegeli & Peter ) Dahlst. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. lanipedicellum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. laxiflorum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. leptadenium Dahlst. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. litoreum tooth nom. nov., Hieracium cymosum subsp. macrocymigerum tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. macrocymosum tooth, Hieracium cymosum subsp. meizocephaloides Hayek & Zahn, Hieracium cymosum subsp. meizocephalum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. mollisetum ( Naegeli & Peter ) Dahlst. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. pseudocurvescens Fen. & Zahn, Hieracium cymosum subsp. samoboricum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. scotodes ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. semilitoreum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. signiferum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. tabergense Dahlst. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. tenacicaule ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. trichocymosum tooth, Hieracium cymosum subsp. uplandiae Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. viridans Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. xanthophylloides tooth, Hieracium cymosum subsp. xanthophyllum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium dubium subsp. erraticum ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium fallax subsp. mollisetum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium praealtum subsp. collinum ( Gochnat ) Čelak. , Hieracium subcurvescens subsp. granitophilum Norrl. , Pilosella cymosa subsp. signifera Norrl. , Pilosella cymosa subsp. syrjaenorum tooth, Hieracium cymosum var holmense Naegeli & Peter ): It is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France (including Corsica), in the Baltic States, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, in the European part of Russia, in the Ukraine (including Crimea ), Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia and Greece.
• Pilosella cymosa subsp. sabina ( Sebast. ) HPFuchs ( syn. Hieracium Sabinum Sebast, Pilosella sabina ( Sebast. ) FWSchultz & Sch.Bip, Hieracium cymosum subsp Sabinum ( Sebast. ) Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp dingleri Naegeli &. .. .. . Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp gnaphalophorum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp heldreichianum Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp irregular Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp mikrosabinum Beck): .. coming into Azerbaijan, Turkey, Albania, Austria in Switzerland, Italy, France, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain and Greece.
• Pilosella cymosa subsp. vaillantii ( exchange) S.Bräut. & Greuter ( Syn: .. Hieracium vaillantii exchange, Pilosella vaillantii ( exchange) Soják, Hieracium cymosum subsp vaillantii ( exchange) Nyman, Hieracium conflectens Norrl, Hieracium contractum ( Norrl. ) burner, Hieracium curvescens ( Norrl. ) Norrl, Hieracium. polymnoon cymigerum Rchb. , Hieracium denticuliferum ( Norrl. ) Norrl. , Hieracium euryanthelum ( Dahlst. ) Dahlst. , Hieracium firmicaule ( Norrl. ) Norrl. , Hieracium glomerabile Norrl. , Hieracium hirtelliceps Dahlst. , Hieracium leptothyrsum (Peter ) Üksip, Hieracium ( Naegeli & Peter ) Norrl. , Hieracium psilanthum ( Naegeli & Peter ) Omang, Hieracium pubescens (Fr.) Hellstr. non ( K.Koch ) Walp. , Hieracium subglomeratum Arv. - Touv. & Gaut. , Hieracium suchonense Norrl. , Hieracium suomense ( Norrl. ) Norrl. , Hieracium trichocymosoides Üksip, Pilosella conflectens ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella contracta ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella curvescens Norrl. , Pilosella cymigera ( Rchb. ) Arv. - Touv. , Pilosella denticulifera Norrl. , Pilosella euryanthela ( Dahlst. ) Schljakov, Pilosella firmicaulis Norrl. , Pilosella glomerabilis ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella leptothyrsa (Peter ) Schljakov, Pilosella polymnoa ( Naegeli & Peter ) Schljakov, Pilosella pubescens (Fr.) Norrl. , Pilosella samarica ( tooth) Schljakov, Pilosella suchonensis ( Norrl. ) Schljakov, Pilosella suomensis Norrl. , Pilosella trichocymosoides ( Üksip ) Schljakov, Hieracium cymosum subsp. conflectens ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. contractum Norrl. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. curvescens ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. cymigerum ( Rchb. ) Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. denticuliferum ( Norrl. ) Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. euryanthelum Dahlst. , Hieracium cymosum subsp. firmicaule ( Norrl. ) Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. glomerabile ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. hirtelliceps ( Dahlst. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. leptothyrsum Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. origen Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium cymosum subsp. polymnoon ( Naegeli & Peter ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. psilanthum ( Naegeli & Peter ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. pubescens Fri, Hieracium cymosum subsp. samaricum (tooth) Üksip, Hieracium cymosum subsp. samaricum tooth, Hieracium cymosum subsp. subglomeratum tooth, Hieracium cymosum subsp. suchonense ( Norrl. ) Tooth Hieracium cymosum subsp. suomense ( Norrl. ) Naegeli & Peter, Hieracium macranthelum subsp. polymnoon Naegeli & Peter, Pilosella cymosa subsp. origen ( Naegeli & Peter ) HPFuchs, Hieracium cymosum var longifolium Rchb. , Hieracium cymosum var pubescens Wimm. & Grave. nom. illeg, Hieracium fallax var psilanthum Naegeli & Peter, Pilosella pubescens var contracta Norrl ): .. coming into Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France, Poland, the Baltic States, Belarus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, in the European part of Russia, the Ukraine (including Crimea ), Slovenia and Bulgaria before.

Swell

• Trugdoldiges hawkweed. In: FloraWeb.de.