House of Kyburg

The Counts of Kyburg (deprecated also Kiburg ) was a Swiss noble family, which is attributable to the direct imperial nobility and whose reign focus was in today's northern and eastern Switzerland. The Kyburgs were an older branch of the Counts of Dillingen, who named themselves after the Kyburg in the Canton of Zurich today. After the extinction of the male line in 1263 Kyburgs was created by female succession to the Habsburg family branch Kyburg castle village or Neu- Kyburg. As a progenitor of the Kyburgs applies Gotfrid.

History

The Counts of Dillingen in Bavaria in the 11th century acquired possessions in today's Eastern Switzerland. Through the marriage of Hartmann von Dillingen ( † 1121 ) with the heiress Adelaide of Winterthur - Kyburg they came to vast possessions and territorial claims in the Thurgau, including the Kyburg. The origin Adelaide is controversial in historical research. You could have been an heiress of the Counts of Grüningen -Winterthur Winterthur or a side line of the Counts of Nellenburg. She was probably the daughter of Adalbert, the last Count of Winterthur, with his brother, the emperor's banner carrier Werner II of maggots in the Battle of Civitate fell in 1053 against the Normans.

The grandson of Hartmann von Dillingen divided on their property. Hartmann III. of Dillingen took this as Hartmann I of Kyburg possession in Switzerland. The Kyburgs were allies of the Dukes of Swabia from the House of Hohenstaufen. The connection was probably reinforced by the marriage Hartmann's Richenza of Baden- Lenzburg in the middle of the 12th century. Thus the Kyburg inherited by the Counts of Lenzburg 1172/1173 together with the Swabians and the Zähringers parts of the comprehensive prevalence burg possessions in today's Switzerland and southern Germany. How extensive was the inheritance is uncertain, and probably was back then controversial. Secured is in any case that the Kyburgs then, on Lake Walen and around Baden came into possession of the valence -burg own goods in Gaster. Later, the prevalence burg bailiwicks of the monasteries GeopathSchänis and Beromunster are in the hands of Kyburg.

Through the extinction of the Dukes of Zahringen 1218 there was a further opportunity for the Kyburgs to expand their property because of Zahringen Anna, the sister of the last Zähringer, Berchtold V, the wife Ulrich III. was of Kyburg († 1227 ). In the inheritance disputes with other noble families, who were related to the Zähringers, Ulrich III could. claim for the left bank of Zaehringen possessions in today's Switzerland. They included both goods in the former Zürichgau in the Duchy of Swabia as well as in Aargau in the kingdom of Burgundy, including the cities of Fribourg, Thun and Burgdorf. The rule claims the Kyburgs from this inheritance could be but not prevail everywhere, they lost, for example, the city of Zurich and the advocacy of the monastery of St. Gall. Around the middle of the 13th century, the Kyburgs turned against the Hohenstaufen and became the mainstay of anti - papal Ghibelline coalition on the territory of modern Switzerland. In the dispute between the pope and crown Hartmann turned the Elder of Emperor Frederick II and joined the papal camp. They were joined by the Barons of waiting, the now closely emulated the the Kyburg.

The Counts of Kyburg established in their sphere of influence in the 12th and 13th century, the cities of Winterthur, Frauenfeld, Diessenhofen, train, Baden (1230 ), Aarau, Lenzburg, Mellingen, Sursee (1250 ), Weesen (1250 ), Laupen, Kyburg, Richensee and Huttwil. In Room Winterthur in 1225 they founded the Monastery Holy Mountain, which was their grave laying and in 1233 they founded the monastery Töss. The Kyburgs thus became one of the most powerful noble families in today's Switzerland area and were accordingly in fierce competition with the rapper Wilern, the Habsburgs and the House of Savoy, who tried also at the same time, expand their dominions and consolidate.

The childless Count Hartmann IV transferred 1250/1251 the western part of his tenure with the Reuss as limit his nephew Hartmann V. This tried with the support of the Habsburgs from his center of power Burgdorf to prevail over the city of Bern and the Savoy. After the death of Hartmann Hartmann's IV and V. 1263 1264 was the only daughter and heiress, Anna of Kyburg, still a minor. Rudolf I of Habsburg, whose mother Heilwig of Kyburg a daughter of Ulrich III. was assumed the guardianship and therefore the management of the dominion. Until 1273 Rudolf could I. even prevail against the claims of the Savoy, which had the widow Hartmann V., Margarethe von Sayoyen, well- founded claims.

Through marriage with Anna Eberhard I von Habsburg - run castle was built in 1273 from a part of the property Hartmann's IV the new dynasty of the Counts of Kyburg castle village or Neu- Kyburg.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Kyburg has a golden slant bar accompanied by two border golden lion in black. The meaning of the lion is probably due to the two families of the lords of Winterthur ( Adelheid ) and the Counts of Dillingen ( Hartmann I. ).

The coat of arms of the Habsburg sidelines Habsburg- Neukyburg has black instead of the color red from.

The Kyburgs crest is today represented in numerous Swiss coat of arms, as in the coat of arms of the canton of Thurgau, the Bailiwick of Gaster and the cities of Winterthur, Diessenhofen, Andelfingen and Kyburg.

Family members

• Werner of Kyburg or Wezelo (* 980, † 1030), Count
• Uto of Kyburg abbot in the monastery of St. Blaise
• Ulrich I of Kyburg - Dillingen ( † 1127 ), 1111-1127 Bishop of Constance
• Ulrich of Kyburg († 1237 ), from 1233/1234 until his death, Bishop of Chur