Hylophila
Hylophila is a genus of the orchid family ( Orchidaceae). It consists of seven species of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical Southeast Asia.
Description
The species of the genus hylophila are relatively large, mostly terrestrial growing orchid with large leaves. They form a long, fleshy rhizome. The fibrous roots arise at the nodes of the rhizome. The rhizome eventually grows upward, making the leafy shoot. The leaves are wrong lanceolate to oval, at the base they run out into a short petiole, which includes the shoot tubular.
The racemose inflorescence is terminal. While the lower part of the stem axis is bald, the inflorescence axis is hairy, as are the bracts between supreme foliage leaf and the lowest flower, the bracts, the ovary and the outer sides of the falls. The bracts are about as long as ovary and pedicel together. The flowers are 'upside, the cylindrical to spindle- shaped ovary is twisted. The petals are not fused together. The lateral sepals are shaped asymmetrically, and include with their base lip. The petals are asymmetrical oval - rhombic, they adhere to the upper petal. The lip is divided into two parts: the basal part, the Hypochil is large, hemispherical to testicular shape. If available, please the tag on the inside of the lip in pairs. The front part of the lip, the Epichil, connects without center and is small, linear shaped to oval. The column has a short, thick base and tapers to the front. The stamen is narrow oval to lanceolate, it contains two club-shaped to oval pollinia. Their long stalks stick to each other and are connected to a common viscid disc ( Viscidium ) connected. The scar consists of a surface. The separation between scar tissue and stamen ( rostellum ) is incised triangular and deep. The flower stems do not extend to the maturity of the fruit capsule.
Occurrence
Hylophila is native to Southeast Asia. The range extends from Taiwan and Thailand southward through Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea to the Solomon Islands. In terms of the locations can be within the genus two groups: hylophila lanceolata and related species occur in the shadow of mountain forests at altitudes from 900 to 1500 meters in front. They colonize moss and humus pockets on rocks, sometimes on trees. The species group to hylophila mollis comes at lower altitudes before 50-900 meters and settled brighter locations.
Systematics and botanical history
Hylophila is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae. After Dressler can this be further subdivided into two groups; Hylophila is in the larger group with only one stigmatic surface. The genera Goodyera and Lepidogyne are closely related. Within the genus there are two groups that differ even with the demands of the site. The group around hylophila mollis has a long peduncle, small, about 4 mm measured flowers and an oval shaped front lip part. The other group to hylophila lanceolata has a short peduncle, flowers to 8 mm in size and a thin front lip part. Within the groups, the species are very similar.
The genus hylophila was erected in 1833 by John Lindley. The name comes from the Greek ὕλη hyle, "forest", and φίλος Philios, " loving", he is the preferred location of the type species, hylophila mollis designate. A synonym to hylophila is Dicerostylis flower. This genus should differ by two appendages on the column of hylophila ( di, "two", κόρυς Keros, " horn ", στῦλος stylis, " pen, pillar"). However, plants were found that exactly the same up to this appendage to the column so that a separation into two genera seems unjustified.
Currently, seven species are counted to hylophila:
- Hylophila cheangii Holttum
- Hylophila gracilis Schltr.
- Hylophila lanceolata (Blume ) Miq.
- Hylophila mollis Lindl.
- Hylophila nipponica ( Fukuy. ) T.P.Lin
- Hylophila orientalis Schltr.
- Hylophila rubra Ames