Immaculate Heart of Mary

Devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary is a form of expression of Catholic spirituality. The Mother of God under the aspect of their symbolized by their unique heart purity, holiness and perfection of the interior life ( cor quasi spirituale ) is worshiped. The basic texts of the Gospel are ( Lk 2,19 EU) or ( Lk 2,51 f EU): His mother kept all these things had happened in her heart.

Genesis and manifestations

Even in the Fathers there were elements of a Heart of Mary - worship, such as in the works of Augustine, John Chrysostom, Ephrem the Syrian. Even with Prudentius, Fabius Claudius Gordianus Fulgentius and Leo the Great references can be found.

In the 13th century impetus to the Heart of Mary - worship by the Spaniard Ricardo de San Lorenzo ( † after 1254 ), by Mechthild of Hackeborn and her book of spiritual graces and by Gertrude of Helfta and her work messenger of divine love. Of particular importance in the 14th century was Ernst of Pardubice; also Birgitta of Sweden wrote about the Heart of Mary; in the 15th century Lorenzo Giustiniani († 1456 ) and Bernardine of Siena; in the 16th century Johannes Justus von Landsberg, Louis de Blois, Fray Luis de Granada, Peter Canisius and St. Francis de Sales.

In the 17th and 18th century, the Heart of Mary - worship could unfold. Cardinal Pierre de Bérulle and his École française de spiritualité inspired many for this Devotionsform. A special pulse received this devotional form by John Eudes, students Bérulles, and his main work Le Coeur admirable de la très Sainte Mère de Dieu. The significance of John Eudes for the Heart of Mary - worship was especially by the Popes Leo XIII. (3 January 1903) and Pius X (11 April 1909) highlighted. Even writings of the Jesuit Giovanni Pietro Pinamonti, Jean Croiset and Joseph de Gallifet contributed to the spread. In the 17th century the Heart of Mary - worship was particularly rejected by Jansenism and fights.

Input into the liturgy received the Heart of Mary - worship in 1643 by John Eudes and the Congregation of Jesus and Mary ( Eudists ) and by a solid, which was introduced by the Bishop of Autun in 1648 he founded. A devotion was approved in 1668 by the cardinal legate Louis I de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme. Pope Pius IX. conducted on July 21, 1855, a votive Mass, a Offizium and a private party.

In the liturgical calendar, the offered feast day is fixed for the day after the Solemnity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (third Saturday after Pentecost). On 31 October 1942 ( and again on December 8, 1942, the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception) consecrated by Pope Pius XII. the Church and humanity to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.

In the 20th century the veneration of the Immaculate Heart of Mary received a pulse through the apparitions in Fatima. From this developed the devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and the atonement Saturdays.

Iconography

In iconography, is the heart of Mary, depicted analogous to representations of the Heart of Jesus, usually bound with a wreath of roses and seven swords pierced. The roses symbolize virginity and purity of Mary, the swords of the Seven Sorrows of Mary.

Patrozinien

Churches see Mary Heart Church

Religious communities with the Patrozininum of the Immaculate Heart of Mary

  • Eudists, Congregation of Jesus and Mary
  • Claretian
  • Spiritans
  • Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters of Salzkotten
  • Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
  • Benedictines of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
  • Society of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary
  • Hermanas del Adoratrices Holy Sacrament del Corazón de Maria Inmaculado ( dt: Adoration Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament of the Immaculate Heart of Mary )
  • Congregation of the Religieuses du Sacre-Coeur de Marie ( Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Mary Immaculate )

Source code

  • John (Jean) Eudes: Le Coeur admirable de la très Sainte Mère de Dieu (also online books I-IV PDF 4.78 MB, Books V -IX PDF 3.65 MB and books X -XII PDF 3.98 MB )
  • Joseph de Gallifet: L' excellence et la pratique de la Sainte Vierge à la dévotion. Lyon 1750
  • Giovanni Pietro Pinamonti: Il sacro cuore di Maria Vergine (also online at Google books ( Italian) )
  • Nikolaus Nilles: De rationibus Festorum Mobilium Utriusque Ecclesiae Occidentalis Atque Orientalis Commentarius usui Clericorum Accomodatus: Accedunt Breves quaedam Animadversiones in Novam Kalendarii rationem A Cl. Maedler Propositam. 1868.
  • Hermann Josef Nix SJ: Cultus ss. Cordis Jesus et purissimi Cordis Mariae V. B.
  • Charles Lebrun: La dévotion au coeur de Marie. Étude historique et doctrinale. Paris 1918
  • E. Puyolras: Cultus purissimi Cordis BM Virginis. Milan 1942
Augustine of Hippo Fabius Planciades Fulgentius Mechtilde Lanspergius Cardinal (Catholicism) Memorial (liturgy) Claretians Holy Ghost Fathers
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