Jambi

Jambi is a province of Indonesia on Sumatra.

Geography

The province is located mostly in the flat eastern part of the island, this is marked by swampy areas and major rivers, including the Batang Hari. Also, the river flowing here Jambi and springs with two arms source, flows through the eastern alluvial plain and ends at 1 ° south latitude in the South China Sea. Other rivers are Batang Hari, Merangin Batang, Batang Tebo, Tabir Batang, Batang Tembesi, Batang Bungo, Berbak, Pengabuan, Air Hitam, Mendahara, Dendang and Batang Asai. High mountains are Kerinci, Raya, Sumbing, Masurai Tujuh and Alas. To the east lies the National Park Berbak.

The capital of Jambi ( 427,000 inhabitants) is located about 60 km above the mouth of this river. In the west, the province is spreading to the mountains.

The area lies between Indragiri and Palembang. Jambi has a large proportion of Sumatra 's largest national park, the National Park Kerinchi - Seblat.

Administrative divisions

Jambi consists of the following nine kabupaten ( administrative districts ) and 2 Kota ( cities):

Economy

The former road system and thereby enabled economical use ( pepper and rubber tree ) followed the rivers - large parts of the forest were not accessible. The construction of the Trans - Sumatra highway the possibilities of land use have been greatly expanded. The road opened up new, river distant areas for commercial timber harvesting, for government-sponsored settlers and other immigrants. The opening of the coastal forests for palm oil plantations and settlements led to extensive forest fires and air pollution in the years 1997 /98.

Economic importance, in addition to the production of rubber and palm oil in particular oil production today.

History

At the village of Muara Jambi on the Batang Hari, about 30 km north-east of Jambi, archaeologists have uncovered the rudiments of a once important Buddhist temple town. On the basis of stone inscriptions, the heyday of the place is to be dated to the period between the 10th and 13th centuries.

In the Middle Ages the Jambi region belonged to the kingdom of Srivijaya, before it was Islamized during the 16th century and established a sultanate. This could be longer than others Sultanate of Indonesia oppose the Dutch influence, until 1858 it was a protectorate ( vassal state ) and 1901, the last sultan was deposed. With the independence of Indonesia in 1949 was a Jambi province.

In the 18th century Jambi was a center of pepper production, which was characterized by a "gentle " forest use. From 1850, a Brazilian rubber tree species was introduced and at the beginning of the 20th century plantations replaced ( agroforestry) the hitherto applied shifting cultivation. During the first rubber boom after the first World War, it attracted many workers on the rubber plantations.

Simultaneously with the construction of the Trans - Sumatra highway in the 1970er/80er-Jahren immigration was encouraged (mainly Java).